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The current-induced spin-orbit torque-based devices for magnetization switching are commonly relied on the 4d and 5d heavy metals owing to their strong spin-orbit coupling (SOC) to produce large spin current via spin Hall effect (SHE). Here…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-04-15 Gaurav K. Shukla , Prabhat Kumar , Shinji Isogami

The spin Hall effect (SHE), which converts a charge current into a transverse spin current, has long been believed to be a phenomenon induced by the spin--orbit coupling. Here, we propose an alternative mechanism to realize the intrinsic…

Materials Science · Physics 2021-06-22 Yang Zhang , Jakub Zelezny , Yan Sun , Jeroen van den Brink , Binghai Yan

Recent advances in manipulation of orbital angular momentum (OAM) within the paradigm of orbitronics present a promising avenue for the design of future electronic devices. In this context, the recently observed orbital Hall effect (OHE)…

The spin Hall effect in nonmagnetic materials has been intensively studied and became one of the most crucial spin-charge conversion mechanism in spintronics. However, the spin Hall effect in ferromagnetic metals has been less investigated…

Materials Science · Physics 2023-08-08 Fanxing Zheng , Jianting Dong , Xinlu Li , Meng Zhu , Ye Zhou , Jia Zhang

Despite recent advances in orbitronics, generating out-of-plane orbital torques essential for field-free deterministic switching of perpendicular magnetization remains a key challenge. Here, we propose a strategy to produce such…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-11-14 Hui Wang , Xukun Feng , Jin Cao , Huiying Liu , Weibo Gao , Cong Xiao , Shengyuan A. Yang , Lay Kee Ang

We report a comprehensive experimental investigation of orbital-to-charge conversion in metallic and semiconductor materials, emphasizing the fundamental roles of the inverse orbital Hall effect (IOHE) and the inverse orbital Rashba effect.…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2026-03-26 E. Santos , J. L. Costa , R. L. Rodriguez-Suarez , J. B. S. Mendes , A. Azevedo

In transition metals and their compounds, the orbital degrees of freedom gives rise to an orbital current, in addition to the ordinary spin and charge currents. We reveal that considerably large spin and anomalous Hall effects (SHE and AHE)…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 H. Kontani , T. Tanaka , D. S. Hirashima , K. Yamada , J. Inoue

Light transition metals have recently emerged as a sustainable material class for efficient spin-charge interconversion. We report measurements of current-induced spin-orbit torques generated by Ni$_{1-x}$Cu$_{x}$ alloys in perpendicularly…

This study reports the magnetization switching induced by spin-orbit torque (SOT) from the spin current generated in Co2MnGa magnetic Weyl semimetal (WSM) thin films. We deposited epitaxial Co2MnGa thin films with highly B2-ordered…

Materials Science · Physics 2021-02-09 Ke Tang , Zhenchao Wen , Yong-Chang Lau , Hiroaki Sukegawa , Takeshi Seki , Seiji Mitani

Electric field control of the magnetic state in ferrimagnets holds great promise for developing spintronic devices due to low power consumption. Here, we demonstrate a non-volatile reversal of perpendicular net magnetization in a…

All-electrical and programmable manipulations of ferromagnetic bits are highly pursued for the aim of high integration and low energy consumption in modern information technology. Methods based on the spin-orbit torque switching in heavy…

The magnetization switching of a thin ferromagnetic layer placed on top of a heavy metal (such as Pt, Ta or W) driven by an in-plane current has been observed in recent experiments. The magnetization dynamics of these processes is studied…

Materials Science · Physics 2015-06-16 G. Finocchio , M. Carpentieri , E. Martinez , B. Azzerboni

State-of-the-art developments in magnetic devices rely on manufacturing faster, more efficient memory elements. A significant development in this direction has been the discovery of orbital torques, which employ the orbital angular momentum…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-11-12 James H. Cullen , Zhanning Wang , Dimitrie Culcer

Spin Hall effect (SHE) induced reversal of perpendicular magnetization has attracted significant interest, due to its potential to lead to low power memory and logic devices. However, the switching requires an assisted in-plane magnetic…

Materials Science · Physics 2017-10-11 Zhengyang Zhao , Angeline Klemm Smith , Mahdi Jamali , Jian-Ping Wang

Magnons possess the ability to transport spin angular momentum in insulating magnetic materials, a characteristic that sets them apart from traditional electronics where power consumption arises from the movement of electrons. However, the…

Current-induced spin-orbit torque (SOT) has emerged as a promising method for achieving energy-efficient magnetisation switching in advanced spintronic devices. Over the past two decades, researchers have primarily focused on enhancing spin…

We report that by measuring current-induced hysteresis loop shift versus in-plane bias magnetic field, the spin Hall effect (SHE) contribution of the current-induced effective field per current density, $\chi_{SHE}$, can be estimated for Pt…

Materials Science · Physics 2018-01-12 Chi-Feng Pai , Maxwell Mann , Aik Jun Tan , Geoffrey S. D. Beach

Orbitronics, which leverages the angular momentum of atomic orbitals for information transmission, provides a novel strategy to overcome the limitations of electronic devices. Unlike electron spin, orbital angular momentum (OAM) is strongly…

Computational Physics · Physics 2025-10-16 Shilei Ji , Jianping Yang , Li Gao , Xing'ao Li

Although much effort has been made to explore quantum anomalous Hall effect (QAHE) in both theory and experiment, the QAHE systems with tunable Chern numbers are yet limited. Here, we theoretically propose that NiAsO$_3$ and PdSbO$_3$,…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2022-07-27 Zeyu Li , Yulei Han , Zhenhua Qiao

The emergence of spin-orbit torques as a promising approach to energy-efficient magnetic switching has generated large interest in material systems with easily and fully tunable spin-orbit torques. Here, current-induced spin-orbit torques…