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A family of consistent tests, derived from a characterization of the probability generating function, is proposed for assessing Poissonity against a wide class of count distributions, which includes some of the most frequently adopted…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-06-11 Antonio Di Noia , Marzia Marcheselli , Caterina Pisani , Luca Pratelli

Comparisons of different treatments or production processes are the goals of a significant fraction of applied research. Unsurprisingly, two-sample problems play a main role in Statistics through natural questions such as `Is the the new…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-09-05 P. C. Álvarez-Esteban , E. del Barrio , J. A. Cuesta-Albertos , C. Matrán

We deal with the shape reconstruction of inclusions in elastic bodies. For solving this inverse problem in practice, data fitting functionals are used. Those work better than the rigorous monotonicity methods from [5], but have no…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-12-13 Sarah Eberle , Bastian Harrach

The participants in randomized trials and other studies used for causal inference are often not representative of the populations seen by clinical decision-makers. To account for differences between populations, researchers may consider…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-07-12 Anders Huitfeldt , Sonja A. Swanson , Mats Julius Stensrud , Etsuji Suzuki

Biological fitness is not an observable quantity and must be inferred from population dynamics. Bayesian inference applied to the Moran process and variants yields a robust inference method that can infer fitness in populations evolving via…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2013-10-24 Marc Harper

To investigate the structure of individual differences in performance on behavioral tasks, Haaf and Rouder (2017) developed a class of hierarchical Bayesian mixed models with varying levels of constraint on the individual effects. The…

Applications · Statistics 2022-10-24 Thomas J. Faulkenberry

With many pretreatment covariates and treatment factors, the classical factorial experiment often fails to balance covariates across multiple factorial effects simultaneously. Therefore, it is intuitive to restrict the randomization of the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-12-31 Xinran Li , Peng Ding , Donald B. Rubin

In shape-constrained nonparametric inference, it is often necessary to perform preliminary tests to verify whether a probability mass function (p.m.f.) satisfies qualitative constraints such as monotonicity, convexity, or in general…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-12-23 Fadoua Balabdaoui , Antonio Di Noia

Counterfactual explanations describe how to modify a feature vector in order to flip the outcome of a trained classifier. Obtaining robust counterfactual explanations is essential to provide valid algorithmic recourse and meaningful…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-22 Alexandre Forel , Axel Parmentier , Thibaut Vidal

The theocratical properties of the power of the conventional testing hypotheses and the selection bias are usually unknown under covariate-adaptive randomized clinical trials. In the literature, most studies are based on simulations. In…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-05-04 Li-Xin Zhang

We study the long-time behaviour of a population structured by age and a phenotypic trait under a selection-mutation dynamics. By analysing spectral properties of a family of positive operators on measure spaces, we show the existence of…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2018-05-28 Tristan Roget

We bound the future loss when predicting any (computably) stochastic sequence online. Solomonoff finitely bounded the total deviation of his universal predictor M from the true distribution m by the algorithmic complexity of m. Here we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2007-07-16 Alexey Chernov , Marcus Hutter

Two new test statistics are introduced to test the null hypotheses that the sampling distribution has an increasing hazard rate on a specified interval [0,a]. These statistics are empirical L_1-type distances between the isotonic estimates,…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2015-03-17 Piet Groeneboom , Geurt Jongbloed

This paper addresses the challenge of estimating the Average Treatment Effect on the Treated Survivors (ATETS; Vikstrom et al., 2018) in the absence of long-term experimental data, utilizing available long-term observational data instead.…

Econometrics · Economics 2024-03-26 Yechan Park , Yuya Sasaki

The hypothesis of randomness is fundamental in statistical machine learning and in many areas of nonparametric statistics; it says that the observations are assumed to be independent and coming from the same unknown probability…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-02-08 Vladimir Vovk

Inferring causal relationships from observational data is often challenging due to endogeneity. This paper provides new identification results for causal effects of discrete, ordered and continuous treatments using multiple binary…

Econometrics · Economics 2024-10-21 Nadja van 't Hoff

We study a mathematical model describing the growth process of a population structured by age and a phenotypical trait, subject to aging, competition between individuals and rare mutations. Our goals are to describe the asymptotic behaviour…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2020-04-17 Samuel Nordmann , Benoît Perthame , Cécile Taing

Mixed monotone systems form an important class of nonlinear systems that have recently received attention in the abstraction-based control design area. Slightly different definitions exist in the literature, and it remains a challenge to…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-03-14 Liren Yang , Oscar Mickelin , Necmiye Ozay

We study functions that produce a ranking of $n$ individuals from $n$ such rankings and are impartial in the sense that the position of an individual in the output ranking does not depend on the input ranking submitted by that individual.…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Javier Cembrano , Felix Fischer , Max Klimm

Let $E$ be a space of observables in a sequence of trials $\xi_n$ and define $m_n$ to be the empirical distributions of the outcomes. We discuss the almost sure convergence of the sequence $m_n$ in terms of the $\psi$-weak topology of…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-03-24 José L. Fernández , Enrico Ferri , Carlos Vázquez