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Background: Empathy is widely recognized for improving patient outcomes, including reduced pain and anxiety and improved satisfaction, and its absence can cause harm. Meanwhile, use of artificial intelligence (AI)-based chatbots in…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Alastair Howcroft , Amber Bennett-Weston , Ahmad Khan , Joseff Griffiths , Simon Gay , Jeremy Howick

Facial emotion expression for virtual characters is used in a wide variety of areas. Often, the primary reason to use emotion expression is not to study emotion expression generation per se, but to use emotion expression in an application…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2012-11-20 Joost Broekens , Chao Qu , Willem-Paul Brinkman

In this paper, we present a study aimed at understanding whether the embodiment and humanlikeness of an artificial agent can affect people's spontaneous and instructed mimicry of its facial expressions. The study followed a mixed…

Large language models have become increasingly common, used by millions of people worldwide in both professional and personal contexts. As these models continue to advance, they are frequently serving as virtual assistants and companions.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Victoria Williams , Benjamin Rosman

AI companion chatbots are increasingly used for emotional support, with prior work in the domain predominantly documenting their mixed psychosocial impacts, including both increased emotional expression and heightened loneliness. However,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Olivia Yan Huang , Monika Stodolska , Sharifa Sultana

While human-AI collaboration systems have increasingly been built to increase efficiency or support creativity, little work has examined how the design of interactions shapes the social connection between human and artificial agent. We…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Michael Yin , Angela Chiang , Samuel Rhys Cox , Robert Xiao

Empathetic dialogue is a human-like behavior that requires the perception of both affective factors (e.g., emotion status) and cognitive factors (e.g., cause of the emotion). Besides concerning emotion status in early work, the latest…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-24 Yushan Qian , Bo Wang , Ting-En Lin , Yinhe Zheng , Ying Zhu , Dongming Zhao , Yuexian Hou , Yuchuan Wu , Yongbin Li

Identification within media, whether with real or fictional characters, significantly impacts users, shaping their behavior and enriching their social and emotional experiences. Immersive media, like video games, utilize virtual entities…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-03-15 Navid Ashrafi , Vanessa Neuhaus , Francesco Vona , Nicolina Laura Peperkorn , Youssef Shiban , Jan-Niklas Voigt-Antons

Empathy is central to human connection, yet people often struggle to express it effectively. In blinded evaluations, large language models (LLMs) generate responses that are often judged more empathic than human-written ones. Yet when a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Aakriti Kumar , Nalin Poungpeth , Diyi Yang , Bruce Lambert , Matthew Groh

The development of agents with emotional intelligence is becoming increasingly vital due to their significant role in human-computer interaction and the growing integration of computer systems across various sectors of society. Affective…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Raziyeh Zall , Alireza Kheyrkhah , Erik Cambria , Zahra Naseri , M. Reza Kangavari

Quantitative research of emotions in psychology and machine-learning methods for extracting emotion components from text messages open an avenue for physical science to explore the nature of stochastic processes in which emotions play a…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2014-04-17 Bosiljka Tadic , Vladimir Gligorijevic , Marcin Skowron , Milovan Suvakov

Using agent-based modeling approach, in this paper, we study self-organized dynamics of interacting agents in the presence of chat Bots. Different Bots with tunable ``human-like'' attributes, which exchange emotional messages with agents,…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-06-15 Bosiljka Tadic , Milovan Suvakov

Human bodies influence the owners' affect through posture, facial expressions, and movement. It remains unclear whether similar links between virtual bodies and affect exist. Such links could present design opportunities for virtual…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-01-20 Aske Mottelson , Kasper Hornbæk

An important application of interactive machine learning is extending or amplifying the cognitive and physical capabilities of a human. To accomplish this, machines need to learn about their human users' intentions and adapt to their…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2016-06-10 Vivek Veeriah , Patrick M. Pilarski , Richard S. Sutton

Prior efforts to create an autonomous computer system capable of predicting what a human being is thinking or feeling from facial expression data have been largely based on outdated, inaccurate models of how emotions work that rely on many…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-08-06 Trevor Buteau , Damian Lyons

Emotions are an integral part of human cognition and they guide not only our understanding of the world but also our actions within it. As such, whether we soothe or flame an emotion is not inconsequential. Recent work in conversational AI…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-07 Alba Curry , Amanda Cercas Curry

One way to improve the relationship between humans and anthropomorphic agents is to have humans empathize with the agents. In this study, we focused on a task between agents and humans. We experimentally investigated hypotheses stating that…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-04-05 Takahiro Tsumura , Seiji Yamada

Modeling face-to-face communication in computer vision, which focuses on recognizing and analyzing nonverbal cues and behaviors during interactions, serves as the foundation for our proposed alternative to text-based Human-AI interaction.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Dragos Costea , Alina Marcu , Cristina Lazar , Marius Leordeanu

With the increased adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) in industry and society, effective human-AI interaction systems are becoming increasingly important. A central challenge in the interaction of humans with AI is the estimation of…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-04-20 Philipp Spitzer , Joshua Holstein , Michael Vössing , Niklas Kühl

Critical to successful human interaction is a capacity for empathy - the ability to understand and share the thoughts and feelings of another. As Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems are increasingly required to interact with humans in a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-06-18 Maayan Shvo , Sheila A. McIlraith