English
Related papers

Related papers: Biothreat Benchmark Generation Framework for Evalu…

200 papers

The task of Critical Questions Generation (CQs-Gen) aims to foster critical thinking by enabling systems to generate questions that expose underlying assumptions and challenge the validity of argumentative reasoning structures. Despite…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Banca Calvo Figueras , Rodrigo Agerri

The growing integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) into critical societal domains has raised concerns about embedded biases that can perpetuate stereotypes and undermine fairness. Such biases may stem from historical inequalities in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Riccardo Cantini , Alessio Orsino , Massimo Ruggiero , Domenico Talia

Foundation models could eventually introduce several pathways for undermining state security: accidents, inadvertent escalation, unintentional conflict, the proliferation of weapons, and the interference with human diplomacy are just a few…

AI Large Language Models (LLMs) like ChatGPT are set to reshape some aspects of policymaking processes. Policy practitioners are already using ChatGPT for help with a variety of tasks: from drafting statements, submissions, and…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Matt Ziegler , Sarah Lothian , Brian O'Neill , Richard Anderson , Yoshitaka Ota

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights and other international agreements outline numerous inalienable rights that apply across geopolitical boundaries. As generative AI becomes increasingly prevalent, it poses risks to human rights such…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Vyoma Raman , Camille Chabot , Betsy Popken

As artificial intelligence systems grow more capable and autonomous, frontier AI development poses potential systemic risks that could affect society at a massive scale. Current practices at many AI labs developing these systems lack…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Aidan Kierans , Kaley Rittichier , Utku Sonsayar , Avijit Ghosh

LLMs demand significant computational resources for both pre-training and fine-tuning, requiring distributed computing capabilities due to their large model sizes \cite{sastry2024computing}. Their complex architecture poses challenges…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Todor Ivanov , Valeri Penchev

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems, which integrate Large Language Models (LLMs) with external knowledge sources, are vulnerable to a range of adversarial attack vectors. This paper examines the importance of RAG systems through…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Chris M. Ward , Josh Harguess

Current LLM agent benchmarks, which predominantly focus on binary pass/fail tasks such as code generation or search-based question answering, often neglect the value of real-world engineering that is often captured through the iterative…

Agentic AI scientists equipped with domain-specific tools are rapidly entering scientific workflows across disciplines, with especially strong uptake in the life sciences where they can be used for literature synthesis, sequence analysis,…

Other Quantitative Biology · Quantitative Biology 2026-05-05 Kimon Antonios Provatas , Avery Self , Ioannis Mouratidis , Ilias Georgakopoulos-Soares

Cybersecurity threats and vulnerabilities continue to grow in number and complexity, presenting an increasing challenge for organizations worldwide. Organizations use threat modelling and bug bounty programs to address these threats, which…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-04-17 Serhan W. Bahar

Systems that answer questions by reviewing the scientific literature are becoming increasingly feasible. To draw reliable conclusions, these systems should take into account the quality of available evidence from different studies, placing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Jianyou Wang , Weili Cao , Longtian Bao , Youze Zheng , Gil Pasternak , Kaicheng Wang , Xiaoyue Wang , Ramamohan Paturi , Leon Bergen

To understand and identify the unprecedented risks posed by rapidly advancing artificial intelligence (AI) models, this report presents a comprehensive assessment of their frontier risks. Drawing on the E-T-C analysis (deployment…

Large Language Models (LLMs) & Generative AI are transforming cybersecurity, enabling both advanced defenses and new attacks. Organizations now use LLMs for threat detection, code review, and DevSecOps automation, while adversaries leverage…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Kiarash Ahi , Vaibhav Agrawal , Saeed Valizadeh

Analyzing Open Source Intelligence (OSINT) from large volumes of data is critical for drafting and publishing comprehensive CTI reports. This process usually follows a three-stage workflow -- triage, deep search and TI drafting. While Large…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Xiangsen Chen , Xuan Feng , Shuo Chen , Matthieu Maitre , Sudipto Rakshit , Diana Duvieilh , Ashley Picone , Nan Tang

The validation of any database mining methodology goes through an evaluation process where benchmarks availability is essential. In this paper, we aim to randomly generate relational database benchmarks that allow to check probabilistic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-03-03 Mouna Ben Ishak , Rajani Chulyadyo , Philippe Leray

Recent advancements in Large Language Model (LLM) agents have demonstrated remarkable potential in automatic knowledge discovery. However, rigorously evaluating an AI's capacity for knowledge discovery remains a critical challenge. Existing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Chaoqun Yang , Xinyu Lin , Shulin Li , Wenjie Wang , Ruihan Guo , Fuli Feng , Tat-Seng Chua

Evaluation of foundation models often rely on aggregate scores from benchmarks that lack comprehensive coverage and metadata for a fine-grained evaluation. We introduce a framework for automated benchmark generation. Our framework generates…

Frontier AI models -- highly capable foundation models at the cutting edge of AI development -- may pose severe risks to public safety, human rights, economic stability, and societal value in the coming years. These risks could arise from…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Deepika Raman , Nada Madkour , Evan R. Murphy , Krystal Jackson , Jessica Newman

Large language models (LLMs) show significant potential in healthcare, prompting numerous benchmarks to evaluate their capabilities. However, concerns persist regarding the reliability of these benchmarks, which often lack clinical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Wenting Chen , Guo Yu , Yiu-Fai Cheung , Meidan Ding , Jie Liu , Zizhan Ma , Wenxuan Wang , Linlin Shen