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Visual prompt tuning (VPT) is a promising solution incorporating learnable prompt tokens to customize pre-trained models for downstream tasks. However, VPT and its variants often encounter challenges like prompt initialization, prompt…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Yuzhu Wang , Lechao Cheng , Chaowei Fang , Dingwen Zhang , Manni Duan , Meng Wang

Recent advances in text-to-image diffusion models have achieved impressive image generation capabilities. However, it remains challenging to control the generation process with desired properties (e.g., aesthetic quality, user intention),…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Taeyoung Yun , Dinghuai Zhang , Jinkyoo Park , Ling Pan

Text-to-image (T2I) diffusion models have demonstrated impressive capabilities in generating high-quality images given a text prompt. However, ensuring the prompt-image alignment remains a considerable challenge, i.e., generating images…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Liyao Jiang , Negar Hassanpour , Mohammad Salameh , Mohan Sai Singamsetti , Fengyu Sun , Wei Lu , Di Niu

Text-to-image generative models are a new and powerful way to generate visual artwork. However, the open-ended nature of text as interaction is double-edged; while users can input anything and have access to an infinite range of…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-09-29 Vivian Liu , Lydia B. Chilton

Inspired by recent findings on the fractal geometry of language, we introduce Recursive INference Scaling (RINS) as a complementary, plug-in recipe for scaling inference time in language and multimodal systems. RINS is a particular form of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-09 Ibrahim Alabdulmohsin , Xiaohua Zhai

Recent text-to-image (T2I) diffusion models achieve remarkable realism, yet faithful prompt-image alignment remains challenging, particularly for complex prompts with multiple objects, relations, and fine-grained attributes. Existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Liyao Jiang , Ruichen Chen , Chao Gao , Di Niu

In computer vision, fine-tuning is the de-facto approach to leverage pre-trained vision models to perform downstream tasks. However, deploying it in practice is quite challenging, due to adopting parameter inefficient global update and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-24 Xing Nie , Bolin Ni , Jianlong Chang , Gaomeng Meng , Chunlei Huo , Zhaoxiang Zhang , Shiming Xiang , Qi Tian , Chunhong Pan

Facilitated by large language models (LLMs), personalized text generation has become a rapidly growing research direction. Most existing studies focus on designing specialized models for a particular domain, or they require fine-tuning the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-09 Cheng Li , Mingyang Zhang , Qiaozhu Mei , Weize Kong , Michael Bendersky

We revisit and advance visual prompting (VP), an input prompting technique for vision tasks. VP can reprogram a fixed, pre-trained source model to accomplish downstream tasks in the target domain by simply incorporating universal prompts…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-28 Aochuan Chen , Yuguang Yao , Pin-Yu Chen , Yihua Zhang , Sijia Liu

With the scale capability of increasing training data, model size, and computational cost, video generation has achieved impressive results in digital creation, enabling users to express creativity across various domains. Recently,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Fangfu Liu , Hanyang Wang , Yimo Cai , Kaiyan Zhang , Xiaohang Zhan , Yueqi Duan

Accurately retrieving images that are semantically similar remains a fundamental challenge in computer vision, as traditional methods often fail to capture the relational and contextual nuances of a scene. We introduce PRISm (Pruning-based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Dimitrios Georgoulopoulos , Nikolaos Chaidos , Angeliki Dimitriou , Giorgos Stamou

Recently, diffusion-based deep generative models (e.g., Stable Diffusion) have shown impressive results in text-to-image synthesis. However, current text-to-image models often require multiple passes of prompt engineering by humans in order…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Tingfeng Cao , Chengyu Wang , Bingyan Liu , Ziheng Wu , Jinhui Zhu , Jun Huang

Video diffusion models have achieved remarkable progress in generating high-quality videos. However, these models struggle to represent the temporal succession of multiple events in real-world videos and lack explicit mechanisms to control…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Gordon Chen , Ziqi Huang , Ziwei Liu

State-of-the-art text-to-video (T2V) generators frequently violate physical laws despite high visual quality. We show this stems from insufficient physical constraints in prompts rather than model limitations: manually adding physics…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Shang Wu , Chenwei Xu , Zhuofan Xia , Weijian Li , Lie Lu , Pranav Maneriker , Fan Du , Manling Li , Han Liu

Video generation models have achieved remarkable progress in text-to-video tasks. These models are typically trained on text-video pairs with highly detailed and carefully crafted descriptions, while real-world user inputs during inference…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Jiale Cheng , Ruiliang Lyu , Xiaotao Gu , Xiao Liu , Jiazheng Xu , Yida Lu , Jiayan Teng , Zhuoyi Yang , Yuxiao Dong , Jie Tang , Hongning Wang , Minlie Huang

The progress in the generation of synthetic images has made it crucial to assess their quality. While several metrics have been proposed to assess the rendering of images, it is crucial for Text-to-Image (T2I) models, which generate images…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-04 Paul Grimal , Hervé Le Borgne , Olivier Ferret , Julien Tourille

Vision-language models have showcased impressive zero-shot classification capabilities when equipped with suitable text prompts. Previous studies have shown the effectiveness of test-time prompt tuning; however, these methods typically…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Yuhan Zhu , Guozhen Zhang , Chen Xu , Haocheng Shen , Xiaoxin Chen , Gangshan Wu , Limin Wang

Current text-to-image (T2I) benchmarks evaluate models on rigid prompts, potentially underestimating true generative capabilities due to prompt sensitivity and creating biases that favor certain models while disadvantaging others. We…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Haosheng Gan , Berk Tinaz , Mohammad Shahab Sepehri , Zalan Fabian , Mahdi Soltanolkotabi

Despite recent successes, test-time scaling - i.e., dynamically expanding the token budget during inference as needed - remains brittle for vision-language models (VLMs): unstructured chains-of-thought about images entangle perception and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Niccolo Avogaro , Nayanika Debnath , Li Mi , Thomas Frick , Junling Wang , Zexue He , Hang Hua , Konrad Schindler , Mattia Rigotti

Generating high-quality images without prompt engineering expertise remains a challenge for text-to-image (T2I) models, which often misinterpret poorly structured prompts, leading to distortions and misalignments. While humans easily…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Nisan Chhetri , Arpan Sainju