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Conformal prediction is a powerful tool to generate uncertainty sets with guaranteed coverage using any predictive model, under the assumption that the training and test data are i.i.d.. Recently, it has been shown that adversarial examples…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-01 Ge Yan , Yaniv Romano , Tsui-Wei Weng

We introduce the State Classification Problem (SCP) for hybrid systems, and present Neural State Classification (NSC) as an efficient solution technique. SCP generalizes the model checking problem as it entails classifying each state $s$ of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-08 Dung Phan , Nicola Paoletti , Timothy Zhang , Radu Grosu , Scott A. Smolka , Scott D. Stoller

The last decades have seen a drastic improvement of Machine Learning (ML), mainly driven by Deep Learning (DL). However, despite the resounding successes of ML in many domains, the impossibility to provide guarantees of conformity and the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-23 Arthur Ledaguenel , Céline Hudelot , Mostepha Khouadjia

In order to develop provably safe human-in-the-loop systems, accurate and precise models of human behavior must be developed. In the case of intelligent vehicles, one can imagine the need for predicting driver behavior to develop minimally…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2017-05-03 Katherine Driggs-Campbell , Roy Dong , S. Shankar Sastry , Ruzena Bajcsy

This article deals with stochastic processes endowed with the Markov (memoryless) property and evolving over general (uncountable) state spaces. The models further depend on a non-deterministic quantity in the form of a control input, which…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2015-09-11 Sofie Haesaert , Robert Babuska , Alessandro Abate

Conformal Prediction (CP) is a distribution-free method for constructing prediction sets with marginal finite-sample coverage guarantees, making it a suitable framework for reliable uncertainty quantification in safety-critical object…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Christopher Ries , Moussa Kassem Sbeyti , Nicolas Bianco , Nadja Klein

Operating System (OS) fingerprinting is critical for network security, but conventional methods do not provide formal uncertainty quantification mechanisms. Conformal Prediction (CP) could be directly wrapped around existing methods to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Rubén Pérez-Jove , Osvaldo Simeone , Alejandro Pazos , Jose Vázquez-Naya

There has been an increasing interest in using neural networks in closed-loop control systems to improve performance and reduce computational costs for on-line implementation. However, providing safety and stability guarantees for these…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-04-20 Haimin Hu , Mahyar Fazlyab , Manfred Morari , George J. Pappas

This paper investigates runtime monitoring of perception systems. Perception is a critical component of high-integrity applications of robotics and autonomous systems, such as self-driving cars. In these applications, failure of perception…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-05-24 Pasquale Antonante , Heath Nilsen , Luca Carlone

Coherent systems are representative of many practical applications, ranging from infrastructure networks to supply chains. Probabilistic evaluation of such systems remains challenging, however, because existing decomposition-based methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Ji-Eun Byun , Hyeuk Ryu , Junho Song

We present recent advances in formal verification and control for autonomous systems with practical safety guarantees enabled by conformal prediction (CP), a statistical tool for uncertainty quantification. This survey is particularly…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-19 Lars Lindemann , Yiqi Zhao , Xinyi Yu , George J. Pappas , Jyotirmoy V. Deshmukh

Trajectory planning under uncertainty is an active research topic. Previous works predict state and state estimation uncertainties along trajectories to check for collision safety. They assume either stochastic or bounded sensing…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-12-18 Akshay Shetty , Grace Xingxin Gao

Rapid advances in perception have enabled large pre-trained models to be used out of the box for transforming high-dimensional, noisy, and partial observations of the world into rich occupancy representations. However, the reliability of…

Autonomous systems with machine learning-based perception can exhibit unpredictable behaviors that are difficult to quantify, let alone verify. Such behaviors are convenient to capture in probabilistic models, but probabilistic model…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2022-03-17 Matthew Cleaveland , Ivan Ruchkin , Oleg Sokolsky , Insup Lee

Trustworthy environment perception is the fundamental basis for the safe deployment of automated agents such as self-driving vehicles or intelligent robots. The problem remains that such trust is notoriously difficult to guarantee in the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-10-01 Florian Geissler , Alex Unnervik , Michael Paulitsch

Conformal prediction (CP) provides model-agnostic uncertainty quantification with guaranteed coverage, but conventional methods often produce overly conservative uncertainty sets, especially in multi-dimensional settings. This limitation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Minxing Zheng , Shixiang Zhu

Modern deep learning reconstruction algorithms generate impressively realistic scans from sparse inputs, but can often produce significant inaccuracies. This makes it difficult to provide statistically guaranteed claims about the true state…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Matt Y Cheung , Tucker J Netherton , Laurence E Court , Ashok Veeraraghavan , Guha Balakrishnan

Real-world autonomous systems often employ probabilistic predictive models of human behavior during planning to reason about their future motion. Since accurately modeling human behavior a priori is challenging, such models are often…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-04-07 Somil Bansal , Andrea Bajcsy , Ellis Ratner , Anca D. Dragan , Claire J. Tomlin

Conformal prediction (CP) is a framework to quantify uncertainty of machine learning classifiers including deep neural networks. Given a testing example and a trained classifier, CP produces a prediction set of candidate labels with a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-01 Subhankar Ghosh , Yuanjie Shi , Taha Belkhouja , Yan Yan , Jana Doppa , Brian Jones

Conformal prediction is a non-parametric technique for constructing prediction intervals or sets from arbitrary predictive models under the assumption that the data is exchangeable. It is popular as it comes with theoretical guarantees on…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-12-01 Jase Clarkson , Wenkai Xu , Mihai Cucuringu , Yvik Swan , Gesine Reinert