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To prove that a polynomial is nonnegative on R^n one can try to show that it is a sum of squares of polynomials (SOS). The latter problem is now known to be reducible to a semidefinite programming (SDP) computation much faster than…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2010-10-27 J. Maurice Rojas , Swaminathan Sethuraman

We consider the problem of decomposing a real-valued symmetric tensor as the sum of outer products of real-valued vectors. Algebraic methods exist for computing complex-valued decompositions of symmetric tensors, but here we focus on…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2018-08-23 Tamara G. Kolda

In recent years, copositive programming has received significant attention for its ability to model hard problems in both discrete and continuous optimization. Several relaxations of copositive programs based on semidefinite programming…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-01-08 Marilena Palomba , Lucas Slot , Luis Felipe Vargas , Monaldo Mastrolilli

A positive semi-definite (PSD) tensor which is not a sum-of-squares (SOS) tensor is called a PSD non-SOS (PNS) tensor. Is there a fourth order four dimensional PNS Hankel tensor? Until now, this question is still an open problem. Its answer…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2015-03-24 Yannan Chen , Liqun Qi , Qun Wang

Representations of nonnegative polynomials as sums of squares are central to real algebraic geometry and the subject of active research. The sum-of-squares representations of a given polynomial are parametrized by the convex body of…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2018-05-03 Lynn Chua , Daniel Plaumann , Rainer Sinn , Cynthia Vinzant

We study symmetric nonnegative forms and their relationship with symmetric sums of squares. For a fixed number of variables $n$ and degree $2d$, symmetric nonnegative forms and symmetric sums of squares form closed, convex cones in the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-02-18 Grigoriy Blekherman , Cordian Riener

We give a bijective parameter representation for a sum of squares of numbers being equal to another sum of squares of numbers.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2014-02-04 Walter Wyss

A symmetric tensor is called copositive if it generates a multivariate form taking nonnegative values over the nonnegative orthant. Copositive tensors have found important applications in polynomial optimization and tensor complementarity…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-03-08 Haibin Chen , Zhenghai Huang , Liqun Qi

We present a hierarchy of semidefinite programs (SDPs) for the problem of fitting a shape-constrained (multivariate) polynomial to noisy evaluations of an unknown shape-constrained function. These shape constraints include convexity or…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-10-31 Mihaela Curmei , Georgina Hall

The covariance tensors in statistics{, elasticity tensor in solid mechanics, Riemann curvature tensor in relativity theory are all biquadratic tensors that are weakly symmetric, but not symmetric in general. Motivated by this, in this…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2025-03-04 Liqun Qi , Chunfeng Cui

We consider representations of tensors as sums of decomposable tensors or, equivalently, decomposition of multilinear forms into one--forms. In this short note we show that there exists a particular finite strongly orthogonal decomposition…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2014-09-19 Juan Manuel Peña , Tomas Sauer

It is well-known that any sum of squares (SOS) program can be cast as a semidefinite program (SDP) of a particular structure and that therein lies the computational bottleneck for SOS programs, as the SDPs generated by this procedure are…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-10-05 Amir Ali Ahmadi , Georgina Hall , Antonis Papachristodoulou , James Saunderson , Yang Zheng

In this article we consider PMC surfaces in complex space forms, and we study the interaction between the notions of PMC, totally real and biconservative. We first consider PMC surfaces in non-flat complex space forms and we prove that they…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2021-07-27 Hiba Bibi , Bang-Yen Chen , Dorel Fetcu , Cezar Oniciuc

The dynamics of many systems from physics, economics, chemistry, and biology can be modelled through polynomial functions. In this paper, we provide a computational means to find positively invariant sets of polynomial dynamical systems by…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2022-08-25 Elias August , Mauricio Barahona

We give new algorithms based on the sum-of-squares method for tensor decomposition. Our results improve the best known running times from quasi-polynomial to polynomial for several problems, including decomposing random overcomplete…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-10-07 Tengyu Ma , Jonathan Shi , David Steurer

We study sum-of-squares representations of symmetric univariate real matrix polynomials that are positive semidefinite along the real line. We give a new proof of the fact that every positive semidefinite univariate matrix polynomial of…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2017-07-27 Christoph Hanselka , Rainer Sinn

In this paper, we systemically introduce completely positive biquadratic (CPB) tensors and copositive biquadratic tensors. We show that all weakly CPB tensors are sum of squares tensors, the CPB tensor cone and the copositive biquadratic…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2025-10-14 Liqun Qi , Chunfeng Cui , Haibin Chen , Yi Xu

We use tropicalization to study the duals to cones of nonnegative polynomials and sums of squares on a semialgebraic set $S$. The truncated cones of moments of measures supported on the set $S$ is dual to nonnegative polynomials on $S$,…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2025-09-03 Grigoriy Blekherman , Felipe Rincón , Rainer Sinn , Cynthia Vinzant , Josephine Yu

A Hankel tensor is called a strong Hankel tensor if the Hankel matrix generated by its generating vector is positive semi-definite. It is known that an even order strong Hankel tensor is a sum-of-squares tensor, and thus a positive…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2016-09-22 Qun Wang , Guoyin Li , Liqun Qi , Yi Xu

This paper discusses the problem of symmetric tensor decomposition on a given variety $X$: decomposing a symmetric tensor into the sum of tensor powers of vectors contained in $X$. In this paper, we first study geometric and algebraic…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-03-24 Jiawang Nie , Ke Ye , Lihong Zhi