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Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy (STEM) enables the observation of atomic arrangements at sub-angstrom resolution, allowing for atomically resolved analysis of the physical and chemical properties of materials. However, due to the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Hesong Li , Ziqi Wu , Ruiwen Shao , Tao Zhang , Ying Fu

This letter proposes a novel blind acoustic mask (BAM) designed to adaptively detect noise components and preserve target speech segments in time-domain. A robust standard deviation estimator is applied to the non-stationary noisy speech to…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-07-07 F. Farias , R. Coelho

The resurgence of deep neural networks has created an alternative pathway for low-dose computed tomography denoising by learning a nonlinear transformation function between low-dose CT (LDCT) and normal-dose CT (NDCT) image pairs. However,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-11-04 Sutanu Bera , Prabir Kumar Biswas

The cryo-electron microscopy (Cryo-EM) becomes popular for macromolecular structure determination. However, the 2D images which Cryo-EM detects are of high noise and often mixed with multiple heterogeneous conformations or contamination,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-02-22 Hanlin Gu , Yin Xian , Ilona Christy Unarta , Yuan Yao

The explosive rise of the use of Computer tomography (CT) imaging in medical practice has heightened public concern over the patient's associated radiation dose. However, reducing the radiation dose leads to increased noise and artifacts,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-06 Sutanu Bera , Prabir Kumar Biswas

A novel method of contrast enhancement is proposed for underexposed images, in which heavy noise is hidden. Under low light conditions, images taken by digital cameras have low contrast in dark or bright regions. This is due to a limited…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2019-04-26 Chien-Cheng Chien , Yuma Kinoshita , Hitoshi Kiya

We propose a new microscopy simulation system that can depict atomistic models in a micrograph visual style, similar to results of physical electron microscopy imaging. This system is scalable, able to represent simulation of electron…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2026-03-27 Ngan Nguyen , Feng Liang , Dominik Engel , Ciril Bohak , Peter Wonka , Timo Ropinski , Ivan Viola

Composed Image Retrieval (CIR) uses a reference image and a modification text as a query to retrieve a target image satisfying the requirement of ``modifying the reference image according to the text instructions''. However, existing CIR…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Guozhi Qiu , Zhiwei Chen , Zixu Li , Qinlei Huang , Zhiheng Fu , Xuemeng Song , Yupeng Hu

Traditional reconstruction-based methods have struggled to achieve competitive performance in anomaly detection. In this paper, we introduce Denoising Diffusion Anomaly Detection (DDAD), a novel denoising process for image reconstruction…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Arian Mousakhan , Thomas Brox , Jawad Tayyub

Background noise in many fields such as medical imaging poses significant challenges for accurate diagnosis, prompting the development of denoising algorithms. Traditional methodologies, however, often struggle to address the complexities…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-02-03 Amirreza Hashemi , Sayantan Dutta , Bertrand Georgeot , Denis Kouame , Hamid Sabet

Non-stationary blind super-resolution is an extension of the traditional super-resolution problem, which deals with the problem of recovering fine details from coarse measurements. The non-stationary blind super-resolution problem appears…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-10-09 Shuang Li , Michael B. Wakin , Gongguo Tang

Discrete diffusion models have recently shown great promise for modeling complex discrete data, with masked diffusion models (MDMs) offering a compelling trade-off between quality and generation speed. MDMs denoise by progressively…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Tianyu Xie , Shuchen Xue , Zijin Feng , Tianyang Hu , Jiacheng Sun , Zhenguo Li , Cheng Zhang

Deep learning models in medical imaging often encounter challenges when adapting to new clinical settings unseen during training. Test-time adaptation offers a promising approach to optimize models for these unseen domains, yet its…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Sameer Ambekar , Julia A. Schnabel , Cosmin I. Bercea

Medical image segmentation is crucial for computer-aided diagnosis, which necessitates understanding both coarse morphological and semantic structures, as well as carving fine boundaries. The morphological and semantic structures in medical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Siyuan Song , Guyue Hu , Chenglong Li , Dengdi Sun , Zhe Jin , Jin Tang

Semi-supervised medical image segmentation aims to leverage minimal expert annotations, yet remains confronted by challenges in maintaining high-quality consistency learning. Excessive perturbations can degrade alignment and hinder precise…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Wenbo Xiao , Zhihao Xu , Guiping Liang , Yangjun Deng , Yi Xiao

Dynamic Contrast Enhanced-Magnetic Resonance Imaging (DCE-MRI) is widely used to complement ultrasound examinations and x-ray mammography during the early detection and diagnosis of breast cancer. However, images generated by various MRI…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-18 Gourav Modanwal , Adithya Vellal , Maciej A. Mazurowski

The learned denoising-based approximate message passing (LDAMP) algorithm has attracted great attention for image compressed sensing (CS) tasks. However, it has two issues: first, its global measurement model severely restricts its…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-21 Junhui Li , Xingsong Hou , Huake Wang , Shuhao Bi

Low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) denoising is an important problem in CT research. Compared to the normal dose CT (NDCT), LDCT images are subjected to severe noise and artifacts. Recently in many studies, vision transformers have shown…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-29 Dayang Wang , Fenglei Fan , Zhan Wu , Rui Liu , Fei Wang , Hengyong Yu

Multimodal learning enhances the performance of various machine learning tasks by leveraging complementary information across different modalities. However, existing methods often learn multimodal representations that retain substantial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Tong Zhang , Shu Shen , C. L. Philip Chen

Multi-task learning can suffer from destructive task interference, where jointly trained models underperform single-task baselines and limit generalization. To improve generalization performance in breast ultrasound-based tumor segmentation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Jingru Zhang , Saed Moradi , Ashirbani Saha