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Photonic integrated circuits utilize various waveguide materials, each excelling in specific metrics like efficient light emission, low propagation loss, high electro-optic efficiency, and potential for mass production. Inherent…

Optical parametric oscillators (OPOs) have been widely used for decades as tunable, narrow linewidth, and coherent light sources for reaching long wavelengths and are attractive for applications such as quantum random number generation and…

Foundation models (FM) are transforming artificial intelligence by enabling generalizable, data-efficient solutions across different domains for a broad range of applications. However, the lack of large and diverse datasets limits the…

Off-axis X-ray holography is a lensless imaging technique that allows unambiguous retrieval of an object's exit-wave function with high fidelity. It has been used with great success to study nanoscale phenomena and spatio-temporal dynamics…

Metasurfaces provide a compact, flexible, and reliable solution for controlling the wavefront of light. In imaging systems, micro-lens arrays are integrated with pixel matrices to reduce optical crosstalk, enhance photon collection…

Performant on-chip spectrometers are important for advancing sensing technologies, from environmental monitoring to biomedical diagnostics. As device footprints approach the scale of the operating wavelength, previously strategies,…

We present numerical characterizations of the wavefront sensing performance for few-mode photonic lantern wavefront sensors (PLWFSs). These characterizations include calculations of throughput, control space, sensor linearity, and an…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2023-11-06 Jonathan Lin , Michael P. Fitzgerald , Yinzi Xin , Yoo Jung Kim , Olivier Guyon , Sergio Leon-Saval , Barnaby Norris , Nemanja Jovanovic

As artificial intelligence becomes increasingly prevalent, the demand for faster and more energy-efficient computing approaches grows. While optical computing offers intrinsic advantages in bandwidth and power consumption, existing…

continuum-robots, prosthetic devices and wearable body-shape sensors. A miniaturised one-degree-of-freedom joint-angle sensor is devised, using a single light emitting/receiving optical fibre with a coupler connected to a Keyence (FS-N11MN,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-07-24 Dalia Osman , Vignesh Vignesh , Yohan Noh

Optical nanofibers confine light to subwavelength scales, and are of interest for the design, integration, and interconnection of nanophotonic devices. Here we demonstrate high transmission (> 97%) of the first family of excited modes…

Optics · Physics 2013-08-12 S. Ravets , J. E. Hoffman , L. A. Orozco , S. L. Rolston , G. Beadie , F. K. Fatemi

We demonstrate an electro-optic wide-field method to enable fluorescence lifetime microscopy (FLIM) with high throughput and single-molecule sensitivity. Resonantly driven Pockels cells are used to efficiently gate images at 39 MHz,…

Optics · Physics 2021-09-23 Adam J. Bowman , Mark A. Kasevich

Multimode fibers recently emerged as compact minimally-invasive probes for high-resolution deep-tissue imaging. However, the commonly used silica fibers have a relatively low numerical aperture (NA) limiting the spatial resolution of a…

Optics · Physics 2024-07-09 Zhouping Lyu , Lyubov Amitonova

Nonlinear optical (NLO) imaging platforms traditionally rely on refractive microscope objectives, which suffer from chromatic aberrations and temporal dispersion of pulsed excitation light. These issues degrade spatial imaging properties…

Accessing fluid infiltration in nanogranular coatings is an outstanding challenge, of relevance for applications ranging from nanomedicine to catalysis. A sensing platform, allowing to quantify the amount of fluid infiltrated in a…

In principle, diffractive optics, particularly Phase Fresnel Lenses (PFLs), offer the ability to construct large, diffraction-limited, and highly efficient X-ray/$\gamma$-ray telescopes, leading to dramatic improvement in angular resolution…

We measured images and Fourier images of fluorescence for 0.11- and 0.22-$\mu$m-diameter dye-doped polystyrene micro-sphere beads on a solid immersion lens, and experimentally verified strongly-angle-dependent fluorescence intensities due…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2009-11-07 Masahiro Yoshita , Kazuko Koyama , Motoyoshi Baba , Hidefumi Akiyama

End-to-end (E2E) designed imaging systems integrate coded optical designs with decoding algorithms to enhance imaging fidelity for diverse visual tasks. However, existing E2E designs encounter significant challenges in maintaining high…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-31 Haoyu Wei , Xin Liu , Yuhui Liu , Qiang Fu , Wolfgang Heidrich , Edmund Y. Lam , Yifan Peng

The ability to detect and identify molecules at high sensitivity without the use of labels or capture agents is important for medical diagnostics, threat identification, environmental monitoring, and basic science. Microtoroid optical…

Optics · Physics 2022-10-17 Gwangho Choi , Adley Gin , Judith Su

Optical spectroscopy is a fundamental tool in numerous areas of science and technology. Much effort has focused on miniaturizing spectrometers, but thus far at the cost of high spectral resolution and broad operating range. Here, we…

Hair-thin optical fiber endoscopes have opened up new paradigms for advanced imaging applications in vivo. In certain applications, such as optical coherence tomography (OCT), light-shaping structures may be required on fiber facets to…