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When using superconducting (SC) magnets in a gantry for proton therapy, the gantry will benefit from some reduction in size and a large reduction in weight. In this contribution we show an important additional advantage of SC magnets in…

Medical Physics · Physics 2020-01-10 K. P. Nesteruk , C. Calzolaio , D. Meer , V. Rizzoglio , M. Seidel , J. M. Schippers

The Monte Carlo method is widely used in the Gamma Knife dose distribution calculations. In this study, Monte-Carlo simulation with Geant4 was applied to determine Leksell Gamma Knife dose distribution for homogeneous solid water and…

Medical Physics · Physics 2021-01-26 Ozlem Dagli , A. Gunes Tanir , Gokhan Kurt

Dual-energy CT (DECT) has been widely investigated to generate more informative and more accurate images in the past decades. For example, Dual-Energy Alternating Minimization (DEAM) algorithm achieves sub-percentage uncertainty in…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-08-03 Tao Ge , Maria Medrano , Rui Liao , David G. Politte , Jeffrey F. Williamson , Joseph A. O'Sullivan

Purpose: Accurate dose calculation is essential in radiotherapy for precise tumor irradiation while sparing healthy tissue. With the growing adoption of MRI-guided and real-time adaptive radiotherapy, fast and accurate dose calculation on…

$\textbf{Purpose:}$ To assess the viability of a physics-based, deterministic and adjoint-capable algorithm for performing treatment planning system independent dose calculations and for computing dosimetric differences caused by anatomical…

Medical Physics · Physics 2024-04-02 Tiberiu Burlacu , Danny Lathouwers , Zoltán Perkó

The next great leap toward improving treatment of cancer with radiation will require the combined use of online adaptive and magnetic resonance guided radiation therapy techniques with automatic X-ray beam orientation selection.…

Medical Physics · Physics 2019-08-14 Ryan Neph , Yangsibo Huang , Youming Yang , Ke Sheng

Proton beam therapy can potentially offer improved treatment for cancers of the head and neck and in paediatric patients. There has been a sharp uptake of proton beam therapy in recent years as improved delivery techniques and patient…

Recent years have witnessed substantial progress on monocular depth estimation, particularly as measured by the success of large models on standard benchmarks. However, performance on standard benchmarks does not offer a complete…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Jack Nugent , Siyang Wu , Zeyu Ma , Beining Han , Meenal Parakh , Abhishek Joshi , Lingjie Mei , Alexander Raistrick , Xinyuan Li , Jia Deng

In this article, we introduce a novel backward method to model stochastic gene expression and protein level dynamics. The protein amount is regarded as a diffusion process and is described by a backward stochastic differential equation…

Biological Physics · Physics 2017-04-05 Evelina Shamarova , Roman Chertovskih , Alexandre F. Ramos , Paulo Aguiar

We have demonstrated that GaN Schottky diodes can be used for high energy (64.8 MeV) proton detection. Such proton beams are used for tumor treatment, for which accurate and radiation resistant detectors are needed. Schottky diodes have…

Intensity-modulated proton therapy (IMPT) employs proton radiation rather than conventional X-rays to treat cancerous tumors. This approach offers significant advantages by minimizing the radiation exposure of surrounding healthy tissue,…

Neural Stochastic Differential Equations (NSDEs) model the drift and diffusion functions of a stochastic process as neural networks. While NSDEs are known to make accurate predictions, their uncertainty quantification properties have been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-13 Andreas Look , Melih Kandemir , Barbara Rakitsch , Jan Peters

With X-ray radiation protection and dose management constantly gaining interest in interventional radiology, novel procedures often undergo prospective dose studies using anthropomorphic phantoms to determine expected dose values. Due to…

The present work is devoted to develop a computational model using the Gate Monte Carlo software for the simulation of a 6MV photon beam given by Elekta Synergy Platform medical linear accelerator treatment head. The model includes the…

Medical Physics · Physics 2013-09-04 Yahya Tayalati , Samir Didi , Mustafa Zerfaoui , Abdellilah Moussaa

Proton Computed Tomography (pCT) provides a promising solution to enhance the accuracy of Relative Stopping Power (RSP) required for proton therapy planning. This research introduces a novel high-granularity pCT architecture that…

Self-supervised depth estimation from monocular sequences relies on the joint learning of a depth and a pose network. Despite abundant research done to improve the depth network, efforts on the pose remain limited. In this context, even…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Changxuan Li , Nadine Berner , Nassir Navab , Federico Tombari , Stefano Gasperini

Monte Carlo (MC) simulation is considered the gold standard method for radiotherapy dose calculation. However, achieving high precision requires a large number of simulation histories, which is time consuming. The use of computer graphics…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-24 Ti Bai , Biling Wang , Dan Nguyen , Steve Jiang

In this paper, we carry out numerical analysis to prove convergence of a novel sample-wise back-propagation method for training a class of stochastic neural networks (SNNs). The structure of the SNN is formulated as discretization of a…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-12-20 Richard Archibald , Feng Bao , Yanzhao Cao , Hui Sun

We investigate a hybrid PDE/Monte Carlo technique for the variance reduced simulation of an agent-based multiscale model for tumor growth. The variance reduction is achieved by combining a simulation of the stochastic agent-based model on…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2015-10-15 Annelies Lejon , Bert Mortier , Giovanni Samaey

We propose to develop deep learning models that can predict Pareto optimal dose distributions by using any given set of beam angles, along with patient anatomy, as input to train the deep neural networks. We implement and compare two deep…

Medical Physics · Physics 2021-01-27 Gyanendra Bohara , Azar Sadeghnejad Barkousaraie , Steve Jiang , Dan Nguyen