Related papers: Intercomparison of a High-Resolution Regional Clim…

Effective adaptation and mitigation strategies for climate change require high-resolution projections to inform strategic decision-making. Conventional global climate models, which typically operate at resolutions of 150 to 200 kilometers,…

Full-complexity Earth system models (ESMs) are computationally very expensive, limiting their use in exploring the climate outcomes of multiple emission pathways. More efficient emulators that approximate ESMs can directly map emissions…

Large ensembles of climate projections are essential for characterizing uncertainty in future climate and extreme weather events, yet computational constraints of numerical climate models limit ensemble sizes to a small number of…

Deep learning models have gained popularity in climate science, following their success in computer vision and other domains. For instance, researchers are increasingly employing deep learning techniques for downscaling climate data,…

Climate change exacerbates extreme weather events like heavy rainfall and flooding. As these events cause severe socioeconomic damage, accurate high-resolution simulation of precipitation is imperative. However, existing Earth System Models…

Earth system science is producing increasingly large, high-dimensional datasets from physics based Earth system models to AI-based weather and climate models. Embedding-based representations can make these data searchable through similarity…

Anthropogenic influences have been linked to tropical cyclone (TC) poleward migration, TC extreme precipitation, and an increased proportion of major hurricanes [1, 2, 3, 4]. Understanding past TC trends and variability is critical for…

Nowadays, weather prediction is based on numerical weather prediction (NWP) models to produce an ensemble of forecasts. Despite of large improvements over the last few decades, they still tend to exhibit systematic bias and dispersion…

Supply and demand in future energy systems depend on the weather. We therefore need to quantify how climate change and variability impact energy systems. Here, we present Climate2Energy (C2E), a framework to consistently convert climate…

A key challenge for computationally intensive state-of-the-art Earth System models is to distinguish global warming signals from interannual variability. Here we introduce DLESyM, a parsimonious deep learning model that accurately simulates…

Sea ice plays a crucial role in the climate system, particularly in the Marginal Ice Zone (MIZ), a transitional area consisting of fragmented ice between the open ocean and consolidated pack ice. As the MIZ expands, understanding its…

Climate models, such as Earth system models (ESMs), are crucial for simulating future climate change based on projected Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSP) greenhouse gas emissions scenarios. While ESMs are sophisticated and invaluable,…

A large number of water models exists for molecular simulations. They differ in the ability to reproduce specific features of real water instead of others, like the correct temperature for the density maximum or the diffusion coefficient.…

We explore the crucial interplay between climate change and power system planning, highlighting the urgent need to systematically integrate climate information into energy system studies. Climate change impacts the energy sector on multiple…

A chained hydrologic-hydraulic model is implemented using predicted runoff from a large-scale hydrologic model (namely ISBA-CTRIP) as inputs to local hydrodynamic models (TELEMAC-2D) to issue forecasts of water level and flood extent. The…

While many modern studies are dedicated to ML-based large-sample hydrologic modeling, these efforts have not necessarily translated into predictive improvements that are grounded in enhanced physical-conceptual understanding. Here, we…

Precipitation trends can arise from both dynamic factors (changes in atmospheric circulation) and thermodynamic factors (changes in atmospheric moisture content). Disentangling these contributions can aid in understanding regional climate…

A thermal convection loop is a circular chamber filled with water, heated on the bottom half and cooled on the top half. With sufficiently large forcing of heat, the direction of fluid flow in the loop oscillates chaotically, forming an…

Extreme weather is one of the main mechanisms through which climate change will directly impact human society. Coping with such change as a global community requires markedly improved understanding of how global warming drives extreme…

Atmospheric ozone is a crucial absorber of solar radiation and an important greenhouse gas. However, most climate models participating in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP) still lack an interactive representation of ozone due…