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Related papers: Complementary Human-AI Clinical Reasoning in Ophth…

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In this study, we investigate the feasibility of using a human-centered artificial intelligence (AI) chat platform where medical specialists collaboratively assess complex cases. As the target population for this platform, we focus on…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Shinnosuke Sawano , Satoshi Kodera

Multimodal artificial intelligence (AI) systems have the potential to enhance clinical decision-making by interpreting various types of medical data. However, the effectiveness of these models across all medical fields is uncertain. Each…

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used for diagnostic tasks in medicine. In clinical practice, the correct diagnosis can rarely be immediately inferred from the initial patient presentation alone. Rather, reaching a diagnosis…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Hui Min Wong , Philip Heesen , Pascal Janetzky , Martin Bendszus , Stefan Feuerriegel

Large language models (LLMs) and large multimodal models (LMMs) promise to accelerate biomedical discovery, yet their reliability remains unclear. We introduce ARIEL (AI Research Assistant for Expert-in-the-Loop Learning), an open-source…

Purpose: To evaluate the accuracy and reasoning ability of DeepSeek-R1 and three other recently released large language models (LLMs) in bilingual complex ophthalmology cases. Methods: A total of 130 multiple-choice questions (MCQs) related…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Pusheng Xu , Yue Wu , Kai Jin , Xiaolan Chen , Mingguang He , Danli Shi

AI based mental health diagnosis is often judged by benchmark accuracy, yet in practice its value depends on how psychologists respond whether they accept, adjust, or reject AI suggestions. Mental health makes this especially challenging:…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Filippo Cenacchi , Longbing Cao , Deborah Richards

Large language models (LLMs) are entering clinician workflows, yet evaluations rarely measure how clinician reasoning shapes model behavior during clinical interactions. We combined 61 New England Journal of Medicine Case Records with 92…

Interprofessional education has long relied on case studies and the use of standardized patients to support teamwork, communication, and related collaborative competencies among healthcare professionals. However, traditional approaches are…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Ruijie Wang , Jie Lu , Bo Pei , Evonne Jones , Jamey Brinson , Timothy Brown

The rising prevalence of eye diseases poses a growing public health burden. Large language models (LLMs) offer a promising path to reduce documentation workload and support clinical decision-making. However, few have been tailored for…

Healthcare professionals need effective ways to use, understand, and validate AI-driven clinical decision support systems. Existing systems face two key limitations: complex visualizations and a lack of grounding in scientific evidence. We…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Reza Samimi , Aditya Bhattacharya , Lucija Gosak , Gregor Stiglic , Katrien Verbert

In AI-assisted decision-making, humans often passively review AI's suggestion and decide whether to accept or reject it as a whole. In such a paradigm, humans are found to rarely trigger analytical thinking and face difficulties in…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-03-13 Shuai Ma , Qiaoyi Chen , Xinru Wang , Chengbo Zheng , Zhenhui Peng , Ming Yin , Xiaojuan Ma

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has become essential in modern healthcare, with large language models (LLMs) offering promising advances in clinical decision-making. Traditional model-based approaches, including those leveraging in-context…

Artificial intelligence has significantly advanced healthcare, particularly through large language models (LLMs) that excel in medical question answering benchmarks. However, their real-world clinical application remains limited due to the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-01 Zhihao Fan , Jialong Tang , Wei Chen , Siyuan Wang , Zhongyu Wei , Jun Xi , Fei Huang , Jingren Zhou

Recent advances in reasoning-focused large language models (LLMs) mark a shift from general LLMs toward models designed for complex decision-making, a crucial aspect in medicine. However, their performance in specialized domains like…

The application of large language models (LLMs) in clinical decision support faces significant challenges of "tunnel vision" and diagnostic hallucinations present in their processing unstructured electronic health records (EHRs). To address…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Zhiqi Lv , Duofan Tu , Jun Li , Mingyue Zhao , Heqin Zhu , Wenliang Li , Shaohua Kevin Zhou

With the increasing interest in deploying Artificial Intelligence in medicine, we previously introduced HAIM (Holistic AI in Medicine), a framework that fuses multimodal data to solve downstream clinical tasks. However, HAIM uses data in a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Periklis Petridis , Georgios Margaritis , Vasiliki Stoumpou , Dimitris Bertsimas

Building on a human-led thematic analysis of life-story interviews with inpatients with Borderline Personality Disorder, this study examines the capacity of large language models (OpenAI's GPT, Google's Gemini, and Anthropic's Claude) to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Marcin Moskalewicz , Anna Sterna , Karolina Drożdż , Kacper Dudzic , Marek Pokropski , Paula Flores

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have opened new avenues for accelerating scientific research. While models are increasingly capable of assisting with routine tasks, their ability to contribute to novel, expert-level…

The web's information ecosystem demands fact-checking systems that are both scalable and epistemically trustworthy. Automated approaches offer efficiency but often lack transparency, while human verification remains slow and inconsistent.…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Svetlana Churina , Kokil Jaidka , Anab Maulana Barik , Harshit Aneja , Cai Yang , Wynne Hsu , Mong Li Lee