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The ability of algorithms to evolve or learn (compositional) communication protocols has traditionally been studied in the language evolution literature through the use of emergent communication tasks. Here we scale up this research by…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-04-12 Angeliki Lazaridou , Karl Moritz Hermann , Karl Tuyls , Stephen Clark

Formal models of games help us account for and predict behavior, leading to more robust and innovative designs. While the games research community has proposed many formalisms for both the "game half" (game models, game description…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2017-03-17 Chris Martens , Matthew A. Hammer

In-Context Learning (ICL) enables transformer-based language models to adapt to new tasks by conditioning on demonstration examples. However, traditional example-driven in-context learning lacks explicit modules for knowledge retrieval and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Pan Chen , Shaohong Chen , Mark Wang , Shi Xuan Leong , Priscilla Fung , Varinia Bernales , Alan Aspuru-Guzik

We present a novel architecture for safely integrating Large Language Models (LLMs) into interactive game engines, allowing players to "program" new behaviors using natural language. Our framework mitigates risks by using an LLM to…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Austin Drake , Hang Dong

SLiM is an efficient forward population genetic simulation designed for studying the effects of linkage and selection on a chromosome-wide scale. The program can incorporate complex scenarios of demography and population substructure,…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2013-01-15 Philipp W. Messer

In natural language generation (NLG), insight mining is seen as a data-to-text task, where data is mined for interesting patterns and verbalised into 'insight' statements. An 'over-generate and rank' paradigm is intuitively used to generate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-26 Allmin Susaiyah , Aki Härmä , Milan Petković

We address the challenge of reliable and efficient interaction in autonomous multi-agent systems, where agents must balance long-term strategic objectives with short-term dynamic adaptation. We propose context-triggered contingency games, a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Kilian Schweppe , Anne-Kathrin Schmuck

Deploying large language model (LLM) agents in shared environments introduces a fundamental tension between individual alignment and collective stability: locally rational decisions can impose negative externalities that degrade…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Furkan Mumcu , Yasin Yilmaz

Large Language Models (LLMs) promise to transform interactive games by enabling non-player characters (NPCs) to sustain unscripted dialogue. Yet it remains unclear whether constrained prompts actually improve player experience. We…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Vanessa Figueiredo , David Elumeze

We study a game for recognising formal languages, in which two players with imperfect information need to coordinate on a common decision, given private input words correlated by a finite graph. The players have a joint objective to avoid…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2016-04-27 Dietmar Berwanger , Marie van den Bogaard

Consensus dynamics in decentralised multiagent systems are subject to intense studies, and several different models have been proposed and analysed. Among these, the naming game stands out for its simplicity and applicability to a wide…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2016-01-21 Vito Trianni , Daniele De Simone , Andreagiovanni Reina , Andrea Baronchelli

Network congestion games are a well-understood model of multi-agent strategic interactions. Despite their ubiquitous applications, it is not clear whether it is possible to design information structures to ameliorate the overall experience…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2020-02-14 Matteo Castiglioni , Andrea Celli , Alberto Marchesi , Nicola Gatti

Large language model (LLM) agents have shown impressive reasoning capabilities in interactive decision-making tasks. These agents interact with environment through intermediate interfaces, such as predefined action spaces and interaction…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Kaiming Liu , Xuanyu Lei , Ziyue Wang , Peng Li , Yang Liu

We introduce an open-source system called SIGMA (short for "Situated Interactive Guidance, Monitoring, and Assistance") as a platform for conducting research on task-assistive agents in mixed-reality scenarios. The system leverages the…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Dan Bohus , Sean Andrist , Nick Saw , Ann Paradiso , Ishani Chakraborty , Mahdi Rad

Research in multi-agent cooperation has shown that artificial agents are able to learn to play a simple referential game while developing a shared lexicon. This lexicon is not easy to analyze, as it does not show many properties of a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-11-06 Roberto Dessì , Diane Bouchacourt , Davide Crepaldi , Marco Baroni

Game theory is a powerful framework for reasoning about strategic interactions, with applications in domains ranging from day-to-day life to international politics. However, applying formal reasoning tools in such contexts is challenging,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Agnieszka Mensfelt , Kostas Stathis , Vince Trencsenyi

This paper proposes Memory-Augmented State Machine Prompting (MASMP), a novel framework for LLM agents in real-time strategy games. Addressing key challenges like hallucinations and fragmented decision-making in existing approaches, MASMP…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Runnan Qi , Yanan Ni , Lumin Jiang , Zongyuan Li , Kuihua Huang , Xian Guo

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown promise in solving natural language-described planning tasks, but their direct use often leads to inconsistent reasoning and hallucination. While hybrid LLM-symbolic planning pipelines have emerged as…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-09-25 Sukai Huang , Nir Lipovetzky , Trevor Cohn

Although LLM agents can leverage tools for complex tasks, they still need memory to maintain cross-turn consistency and accumulate reusable information in long-horizon interactions. However, retrieval-based external memory systems incur low…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Jiaquan Zhang , Chaoning Zhang , Shuxu Chen , Zhenzhen Huang , Pengcheng Zheng , Zhicheng Wang , Ping Guo , Fan Mo , Sung-Ho Bae , Jie Zou , Jiwei Wei , Yang Yang

The real world is awash with multi-agent problems that require collective action by self-interested agents, from the routing of packets across a computer network to the management of irrigation systems. Such systems have local incentives…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2021-02-16 Michiel A. Bakker , Richard Everett , Laura Weidinger , Iason Gabriel , William S. Isaac , Joel Z. Leibo , Edward Hughes
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