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Controlled automated story generation seeks to generate natural language stories satisfying constraints from natural language critiques or preferences. Existing methods to control for story preference utilize prompt engineering which is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-16 Louis Castricato , Alexander Havrilla , Shahbuland Matiana , Michael Pieler , Anbang Ye , Ian Yang , Spencer Frazier , Mark Riedl

We propose a recurrent neural model that generates natural-language questions from documents, conditioned on answers. We show how to train the model using a combination of supervised and reinforcement learning. After teacher forcing for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-05-16 Xingdi Yuan , Tong Wang , Caglar Gulcehre , Alessandro Sordoni , Philip Bachman , Sandeep Subramanian , Saizheng Zhang , Adam Trischler

The development of Automatic Question Generation (QG) models has the potential to significantly improve educational practices by reducing the teacher workload associated with creating educational content. This paper introduces a novel…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-01-10 Ziqing Li , Mutlu Cukurova , Sahan Bulathwela

The emergence of large language models (LLMs) has revolutionized the capabilities of text comprehension and generation. Multi-modal generation attracts great attention from both the industry and academia, but there is little work on…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Xiaoteng Shen , Rui Zhang , Xiaoyan Zhao , Jieming Zhu , Xi Xiao

Molecular language modeling is an effective approach to generating novel chemical structures. However, these models do not \emph{a priori} encode certain preferences a chemist may desire. We investigate the use of fine-tuning using Direct…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-10-20 Ryan Park , Ryan Theisen , Navriti Sahni , Marcel Patek , Anna Cichońska , Rayees Rahman

Deep model-based reinforcement learning methods offer a conceptually simple approach to the decision-making and control problem: use learning for the purpose of estimating an approximate dynamics model, and offload the rest of the work to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-13 Michael Janner

Generating multiple-choice questions (MCQs) with difficulty estimation remains challenging in automated MCQ-generation systems used in adaptive, AI-assisted education. This study proposes a novel methodology for generating MCQs with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Mehmet Can Şakiroğlu , H. Altay Güvenir , Kamer Kaya

Recent advances in large pre-trained language models have demonstrated strong results in generating natural languages and significantly improved performances for many natural language generation (NLG) applications such as machine…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-09-27 Nanyun Peng

In this paper, we consider the problem of machine reading task when the questions are in the form of keywords, rather than natural language. In recent years, researchers have achieved significant success on machine reading comprehension…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-11-02 Boyuan Pan , Hao Li , Zhou Zhao , Deng Cai , Xiaofei He

Question generation (QG) is a natural language processing task with an abundance of potential benefits and use cases in the educational domain. In order for this potential to be realized, QG systems must be designed and validated with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Sabina Elkins , Ekaterina Kochmar , Jackie C. K. Cheung , Iulian Serban

Current approaches for controlling dialogue response generation are primarily focused on high-level attributes like style, sentiment, or topic. In this work, we focus on constrained long-term dialogue generation, which involves more…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-17 Ramya Ramakrishnan , Hashan Buddhika Narangodage , Mauro Schilman , Kilian Q. Weinberger , Ryan McDonald

Large language models have recently demonstrated remarkable abilities to self-correct their responses through iterative refinement, often referred to as self-consistency or self-reflection. However, the dynamics of this self-correction…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Hossein A. Rahmani , Satyapriya Krishna , Xi Wang , Mohammadmehdi Naghiaei , Emine Yilmaz

Concept-based explanation methods aim at making machine learning models more transparent by finding the most important semantic features of an input (e.g., colors, patterns, shapes) for a given prediction task. However, these methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Jacopo Teneggi , Zhenzhen Wang , Paul H. Yi , Tianmin Shu , Jeremias Sulam

Multiple-choice machine reading comprehension is difficult task as its required machines to select the correct option from a set of candidate or possible options using the given passage and question.Reading Comprehension with Multiple…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-03-19 Vaishali Ingale , Pushpender Singh

Most learners fail to develop deep text comprehension when reading textbooks passively. Posing questions about what learners have read is a well-established way of fostering their text comprehension. However, many textbooks lack…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-11 Tim Steuer , Anna Filighera , Tobias Meuser , Christoph Rensing

NLP-powered automatic question generation (QG) techniques carry great pedagogical potential of saving educators' time and benefiting student learning. Yet, QG systems have not been widely adopted in classrooms to date. In this work, we aim…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-05-03 Xu Wang , Simin Fan , Jessica Houghton , Lu Wang

Question Generation aims to automatically generate questions based on a given input provided as context. A controllable question generation scheme focuses on generating questions with specific attributes, allowing better control. In this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Bernardo Leite , Henrique Lopes Cardoso

The ability to generate natural-language questions with controlled complexity levels is highly desirable as it further expands the applicability of question generation. In this paper, we propose an end-to-end neural complexity-controllable…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-14 Sheng Bi , Xiya Cheng , Yuan-Fang Li , Lizhen Qu , Shirong Shen , Guilin Qi , Lu Pan , Yinlin Jiang

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have been remarkable, with new models consistently surpassing their predecessors. These advancements are underpinned by extensive research on various training mechanisms. Among these,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-12 Hansle Gwon , Imjin Ahn , Young-Hak Kim , Sanghyun Park , Tae Joon Jun

Emotion-controllable response generation is an attractive and valuable task that aims to make open-domain conversations more empathetic and engaging. Existing methods mainly enhance the emotion expression by adding regularization terms to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-06-09 Lei Shen , Yang Feng