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Successful operation of large particle detectors like the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) at the CERN Large Hadron Collider requires rapid, in-depth assessment of data quality. We introduce the ``AutoDQM'' system for Automated Data Quality…

A real-time autoencoder-based anomaly detection system using semi-supervised machine learning has been developed for the online Data Quality Monitoring system of the electromagnetic calorimeter of the CMS detector at the CERN LHC. A novel…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2024-07-31 Abhirami Harilal , Kyungmin Park , Manfred Paulini

Unsupervised Time series anomaly detection plays a crucial role in applications across industries. However, existing methods face significant challenges due to data distributional shifts across different domains, which are exacerbated by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-02 Tian Lan , Yifei Gao , Yimeng Lu , Chen Zhang

The CMS detector is a general-purpose apparatus that detects high-energy collisions produced at the LHC. Online Data Quality Monitoring of the CMS electromagnetic calorimeter is a vital operational tool that allows detector experts to…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2024-06-27 The CMS ECAL Collaboration

Unsupervised representation learning has proved to be a critical component of anomaly detection/localization in images. The challenges to learn such a representation are two-fold. Firstly, the sample size is not often large enough to learn…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-11-24 Mohammadreza Salehi , Niousha Sadjadi , Soroosh Baselizadeh , Mohammad Hossein Rohban , Hamid R. Rabiee

More than a thousand 8" silicon sensors will be visually inspected to look for anomalies on their surface during the quality control preceding assembly into the High-Granularity Calorimeter for the CMS experiment at CERN. A deep…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2023-03-28 Sonja Grönroos , Maurizio Pierini , Nadezda Chernyavskaya

For a very long time, unsupervised learning for anomaly detection has been at the heart of image processing research and a stepping stone for high performance industrial automation process. With the emergence of CNN, several methods have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-19 Simon Thomine , Hichem Snoussi , Mahmoud Soua

Detecting anomalies in images is an important task, especially in real-time computer vision applications. In this work, we focus on computational efficiency and propose a lightweight feature extractor that processes an image in less than a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-09 Kilian Batzner , Lars Heckler , Rebecca König

Anomaly detection is an important task for complex systems (e.g., industrial facilities, manufacturing, large-scale science experiments), where failures in a sub-system can lead to low yield, faulty products, or even damage to components.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Ryan Humble , Zhe Zhang , Finn O'Shea , Eric Darve , Daniel Ratner

Knowledge distillation has emerged as a highly effective method for bridging the representation discrepancy between large-scale models and lightweight models. Prevalent approaches involve leveraging appropriate metrics to minimize the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-01 Zikai Zhou , Yunhang Shen , Shitong Shao , Linrui Gong , Shaohui Lin

The increasing data rates and complexity of detectors at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) necessitate fast and efficient machine learning models, particularly for rapid selection of what data to store, known as triggering. Building on recent…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2025-11-05 Lino Gerlach , Elliott Kauffman , Liv Helen Våge , Isobel Ojalvo

In practical applications of human pose estimation, low-resolution inputs frequently occur, and existing state-of-the-art models perform poorly with low-resolution images. This work focuses on boosting the performance of low-resolution…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-21 Zejun Gu , Zhong-Qiu Zhao , Henghui Ding , Hao Shen , Zhao Zhang , De-Shuang Huang

In the past few years, numerous deep learning methods have been proposed to address the task of segmenting salient objects from RGB images. However, these approaches depending on single modality fail to achieve the state-of-the-art…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-08 Yi Zhang , Lu Zhang , Wassim Hamidouche , Olivier Deforges

The growing adoption of IoT systems in industries like transportation, banking, healthcare, and smart energy has increased reliance on sensor networks. However, anomalies in sensor readings can undermine system reliability, making real-time…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-02 Tanish Baranwal , Arnab Das , Srihari Varada , Santanu Das , Mohammad R. Haider

Weakly Supervised Monitoring Anomaly Detection (WSMAD) utilizes weak supervision learning to identify anomalies, a critical task for smart city monitoring. However, existing multimodal approaches often fail to meet the real-time and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Wen-Dong Jiang , Chih-Yung Chang , Hsiang-Chuan Chang , Ji-Yuan Chen , Diptendu Sinha Roy

Anomaly detection is a critical task in computer vision with profound implications for medical imaging, where identifying pathologies early can directly impact patient outcomes. While recent unsupervised anomaly detection approaches show…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Le Dong , Qinzhong Tan , Chunlei Li , Jingliang Hu , Yilei Shi , Weisheng Dong , Xiao Xiang Zhu , Lichao Mou

Unsupervised anomaly detection encompasses diverse applications in industrial settings where a high-throughput and precision is imperative. Early works were centered around one-class-one-model paradigm, which poses significant challenges in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-13 Sushovan Jena , Vishwas Saini , Ujjwal Shaw , Pavitra Jain , Abhay Singh Raihal , Anoushka Banerjee , Sharad Joshi , Ananth Ganesh , Arnav Bhavsar

Knowledge distillation is a mainstream algorithm in model compression by transferring knowledge from the larger model (teacher) to the smaller model (student) to improve the performance of student. Despite many efforts, existing methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-21 Muhe Ding , Jianlong Wu , Xue Dong , Xiaojie Li , Pengda Qin , Tian Gan , Liqiang Nie

At the ATLAS and CMS experiments at CERN's Large Hadron Collider, the rate of proton-proton collisions far exceeds the rate at which data can be recorded. A real-time event selection process, or "trigger", is needed to ensure that the data…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2025-09-10 Noah Clarke Hall , Nikolaos Konstantinidis

The Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment is a general-purpose detector for high-energy collision at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN. It employs an online data quality monitoring (DQM) system to promptly spot and diagnose particle…

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