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Fluid antenna systems (FAS) have recently emerged as a promising paradigm for achieving spatially reconfigurable, compact, and energy-efficient wireless communications in beyond fifth-generation (B5G) and sixth-generation (6G) networks. By…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-02 Saeid Pakravan , Mohsen Ahmadzadeh , Ming Zeng , Wessam Ajib , Ji Wang , Xingwang Li

Fluid antenna systems encompass a broad class of reconfigurable antenna technologies that offer substantial spatial diversity for various optimization objectives and communication tasks. Their capability to enhance spatial resolution within…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Jingyuan Xu , Zhentian Zhang , Jian Dang , Hao Jiang , Zaichen Zhang

Fluid antennas present a relatively new idea for harnessing the fading and interference issues in multiple user wireless systems, such as 6G. Here, we systematically compare their unique radiation beam forming mechanism to the existing…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-07 Wen-Jun Lu , Chun-Xing He , Yongxu Zhu , Kin-Fai Tong , Kai-Kit Wong , Hyundong Shin , Tie Jun Cui

This article considers the performance of wireless communication systems that utilize reconfigurable or pattern-dynamic antennas. The focus is on finite-state channels with memory and performance is assessed in terms of real-time behavior.…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2014-04-29 Santhosh Kumar , Jean-Francois Chamberland , Gregory H. Huff

Fluid Antenna Systems (FAS) introduce a new degree of freedom for wireless networks by enabling the physical antenna position to adapt dynamically to changing radio conditions. While existing studies primarily emphasize physical-layer…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Ian F. Akyildiz , Tuğçe Bilen

Fluid antenna systems (FAS) are an emerging technology that promises a significant diversity gain even in the smallest spaces. Motivated by the groundbreaking potentials of liquid antennas, researchers in the wireless communication…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-01-02 Malek Khammassi , Abla Kammoun , Mohamed-Slim Alouini

Low-altitude wireless networks (LAWNs) are widely regarded as a cornerstone of the emerging low-altitude economy, yet they face significant challenges, including rapidly varying channels, diverse functional requirements, and dynamic…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Wenchao Liu , Xuhui Zhang , Chunjie Wang , Jinke Ren , Weijie Yuan , Changsheng You

Fluid antenna system (FAS) has recently surfaced as a promising technology for the upcoming sixth generation (6G) wireless networks. Unlike traditional antenna system (TAS) with fixed antenna location, FAS introduces a flexible component in…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-04 Wee Kiat New , Kai-Kit Wong , Hao Xu , Farshad Rostami Ghadi , Ross Murch , Chan-Byoung Chae

The explosive growth of teletraffic, fueled by the convergence of cyber-physical systems and data-intensive applications, such as the Internet of Things (IoT), autonomous systems, and immersive communications, demands a multidisciplinary…

The advent of the sixth-generation (6G) networks presents another round of revolution for the mobile communication landscape, promising an immersive experience, robust reliability, minimal latency, extreme connectivity, ubiquitous coverage,…

Fluid antenna systems (FASs) have become a popular topic in the wireless community as an effective yet simple means of exploiting spatial diversity. Due to the limitations of physically moving radiating elements, electronically…

Fluid antenna represents a concept where a mechanically flexible antenna can switch its location freely within a given space. Recently, it has been reported that even with a tiny space, a single-antenna fluid antenna system (FAS) can…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-05-29 Kai-Kit Wong , Arman Shojaeifard , Kin-Fai Tong , Yangyang Zhang

The concept of reconfigurable fluid antennas (FA) is a potential and promising solution to enhance the spectral efficiency of wireless communication networks. Despite their many advantages, FA-enabled communications have limitations as they…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-12-19 Christodoulos Skouroumounis , Ioannis Krikidis

The transition to sixth-generation (6G) networks calls for wireless transceivers with enhanced adaptability and efficiency. Reconfigurable antennas (RAs) have emerged as a promising solution, enabling dynamic control over the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-01 Pinjun Zheng , Ruiqi Wang , Yuchen Zhang , Md. Jahangir Hossain , Anas Chaaban , Atif Shamim , Tareq Y. Al-Naffouri

Fluid antenna system (FAS) represents the concept of treating antenna as a reconfigurable physical-layer resource to broaden system design and network optimization and inspire next-generation reconfigurable antennas. FAS can unleash new…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-23 Tuo Wu , Kai-Kit Wong , Jie Tang , Junteng Yao , Baiyang Liu , Kin-Fai Tong , Chan-Byoung Chae , Matthew C. Valenti , Kwai-Man Luk

Fluid antenna system (FAS) as a new version of reconfigurable antenna technologies promoting shape and position flexibility, has emerged as an exciting and possibly transformative technology for wireless communications systems. FAS…

Fluid antenna systems represent an innovative approach in wireless communication, recently applied in multiple access to optimize the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio through port selection. This letter frames the port selection…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-15 Pedro D. Alvim , Hugerles S. Silva , Ugo S. Dias , Osamah S. Badarneh , Felipe A. P. Figueiredo , Rausley A. A. de Souza

Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication has led to immense enhancements in data rates and efficient spectrum management. The evolution of MIMO, though, has been accompanied by increased hardware complexity and array sizes,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Miguel Rodrigo Castellanos , Siyun Yang , Chan-Byoung Chae , Robert W. Heath

The highly sparse nature of propagation channels and the restricted use of radio frequency (RF) chains at transceivers limit the performance of millimeter wave (mmWave) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems. Introducing…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-06-04 Biao He , Hamid Jafarkhani

Fluid antennas (FAs) is a promising technology for introducing flexibility and reconfigurability in wireless networks. Recent research efforts have highlighted the potential gains that can be achieved in comparison to conventional antennas.…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-11-03 Constantinos Psomas , Peter J. Smith , Himal A. Suraweera , Ioannis Krikidis
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