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Related papers: Planes of satellites, at once transient and persis…

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The Andromeda galaxy is surrounded by a strikingly asymmetrical distribution of satellite dwarf galaxies aligned towards the Milky Way. The standard model of cosmology predicts that most satellite galaxy systems are near-isotropic, and…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-04-14 Kosuke Jamie Kanehisa , Marcel S. Pawlowski , Noam Libeskind

We analyse the orbital kinematics of the Milky Way (MW) satellite system utilizing the latest systemic proper motions for 38 satellites based on data from Gaia Data Release 2. Combining these data with distance and line-of-sight velocity…

The distribution of smaller satellite galaxies around large central galaxies has attracted attention because peculiar spatial and kinematic configurations have been detected in some systems. A particularly striking example of such behavior…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-10-26 Noam I Libeskind , Quan Guo , Elmo Tempel , Rodrigo Ibata

We present predictions for proper motions, infall times and times of first pericentric passage for 39 of M31's satellite galaxies. We estimate these by sampling satellite orbits from cosmological N-body simulations matched on mass, distance…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-11-05 Alex Merrow , Kyle A. Oman , Azadeh Fattahi

The long term time evolution of tidal dwarf satellite galaxies with two different initial densities orbiting a host galaxy that resembles the Milky Way has been studied using a large set of Newtonian N-Body simulations. From the simulations…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-02-11 R. A. Casas , V. Arias , K. Pena Ramírez , P. Kroupa

Trajectories of test particles in a time-varying nonspherical gravitational potential model of our Galaxy are considered. The role of the quadrupole component of the potential, which at distances greater than 50 kpc is associated with the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-12-08 S. V. Pilipenko , N. R. Arakelyan

The existence and prevalence of planar, co-rotating distributions of satellite galaxies around L* host galaxies in the local universe remains a subject of ongoing debate. Despite numerous observational efforts over the past decade, a…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-02-25 Ethan Crosby , Marcel S. Pawlowski , Oliver Müller , Helmut Jerjen

Sub-halos in dark-matter-based cosmological simulations tend to be distributed approximately isotropically around their host. The existence of highly flattened, co-orbiting planes of satellite galaxies has therefore been identified as a…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2014-06-25 Marcel S. Pawlowski , Stacy S. McGaugh

The detection of planar structures within the satellite systems of both the Milky Way (MW) and Andromeda (M31) has been reported as being in stark contradiction to the predictions of the standard cosmological model ($\Lambda$CDM). Given the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-08-10 Marius Cautun , Sownak Bose , Carlos S. Frenk , Qi Guo , Jiaxin Han , Wojciech A. Hellwing , Till Sawala , Wenting Wang

The dynamics of the satellite systems of Milky-Way-like galaxies offer a useful means by which to study the galaxy formation process in the cosmological context. It has been suggested that the currently observed anisotropic distribution of…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-12-08 Xinghai Zhao , Grant J. Mathews , Lara Arielle Phillips , Guobao Tang

We investigate a mechanism to form and keep a planar spatial distribution of satellite galaxies in the Milky Way (MW), which is called the satellite plane. It has been pointed out that the {\Lambda}CDM cosmological model hardly explains the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-03-27 Genta Sato , Masashi Chiba

We investigated the orbital evolution of satellite galaxies using numerical simulations. It has been long believed that the orbit suffers circularization due to the dynamical friction from the galactic halo during orbital decay. This…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Yoshikazu Hashimoto , Yoko Funato , Junichiro Makino

Recent observations have shown that the majority of the Andromeda galaxy's satellites are aligned in a thin plane. On the theoretical side it has been proposed that galaxies acquire their gas via cold streams. In addition, numerical…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-29 Tobias Goerdt , Andreas Burkert , Daniel Ceverino

Galaxies like the Milky Way are surrounded by complex populations of satellites at all stages of tidal disruption. In this paper, we present a dynamical study of the disrupting satellite galaxies in the Auriga simulations that are orbiting…

Ibata et al. (2013) recently reported the existence of a vast thin plane of dwarf galaxies (VTPD) orbiting around Andromeda. We investigate whether such a configuration can be reproduced within the standard cosmological framework and search…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-18 Henning Bahl , Holger Baumgardt

We investigate the locations of the satellites of relatively isolated host galaxies in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey and the Millennium Run simulation. Provided we use two distinct prescriptions to embed luminous galaxies within the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2010-01-21 Ingolfur Agustsson , Tereasa G. Brainerd

I briefly discuss the current state of the Planes of Satellite Galaxies Problem in light of some new observational data for satellite galaxies of the Milky Way, Andromeda, Centaurus A, and other systems beyond the Local Group. In…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-12-05 Marcel S. Pawlowski

There is increasing evidence that a substantial fraction of Milky Way satellite galaxies align in a rotationally-supported plane of satellites, a rare configuration in cosmological simulations of galaxy formation. It has been suggested that…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2020-04-23 Alexander H. Riley , Louis E. Strigari

The spatial distribution of the satellite populations of the Milky Way and Andromeda are puzzling in that they are nearly perpendicular to the disks of their central galaxies. To understand the origin of such configurations we study the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-07-21 Shi Shao , Marius Cautun , Carlos S. Frenk , Liang Gao , Robert A. Crain , Matthieu Schaller , Joop Schaye , Tom Theuns

It has been suggested that the Plane of Satellites (PoS) phenomenon may imply a tension with current $\Lambda$CDM cosmology since a Milky-Way (MW)-like PoS is very rare in simulations. In this study, we analyze a large sample of satellite…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-10-06 Xinghai Zhao , Guobao Tang , Paola Gonzalez , Grant J. Mathews , Lara Arielle Phillips