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The impressive progress in quantum hardware in the last years has raised the interest of the quantum computing community in harvesting the computational power of such devices. However, in the absence of error correction, these devices can…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-02-21 Giacomo De Palma , Milad Marvian , Cambyse Rouzé , Daniel Stilck França

A hybrid quantum-classical algorithm is a computational scheme in which quantum circuits are used to extract information that is then processed by a classical routine to guide subsequent quantum operations. These algorithms are especially…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-03 Alon Levi , Ziv Ossi , Eliahu Cohen , Amit Te'eni

Quantum Computers, one fully realized, can represent an exponential boost in computing power. However, the computational power of the current quantum computers, referred to as Noisy Internediate Scale Quantum, or NISQ, is severely limited…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-02-27 George Gesek

State-of-the-art noisy intermediate-scale quantum devices (NISQ), although imperfect, enable computational tasks that are manifestly beyond the capabilities of modern classical supercomputers. However, present quantum computations are…

Near-term quantum computation holds potential across multiple application domains. However, imperfect preparation and evolution of states due to algorithmic and experimental shortcomings, characteristic in the near-term implementation,…

When noisy intermediate scalable quantum (NISQ) devices are applied in information processing, all of the stages through preparation, manipulation, and measurement of multipartite qubit states contain various types of noise that are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-12-16 Hyeokjea Kwon , Joonwoo Bae

Quantum computers are on the verge of becoming a commercially available reality. They represent a paradigm shift in computing, with a steep learning gradient. The creation of games is a way to ease the transition for beginners. We present a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-05-19 Franz G. Fuchs , Vemund Falch , Christian Johnsen

Quantum computing is a game-changing technology for global academia, research centers and industries including computational science, mathematics, finance, pharmaceutical, materials science, chemistry and cryptography. Although it has seen…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-07 He-Liang Huang , Xiao-Yue Xu , Chu Guo , Guojing Tian , Shi-Jie Wei , Xiaoming Sun , Wan-Su Bao , Gui-Lu Long

Quantum computing (QC) is a new paradigm offering the potential of exponential speedups over classical computing for certain computational problems. Each additional qubit doubles the size of the computational state space available to a QC…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-22 Wei Tang , Teague Tomesh , Martin Suchara , Jeffrey Larson , Margaret Martonosi

Quantum algorithms are getting extremely popular due to their potential to significantly outperform classical algorithms. Yet, applying quantum algorithms to optimization problems meets challenges related to the efficiency of quantum…

The emergence of noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) computers has important consequences for cryptographic algorithms. It is theoretically well-established that key algorithms used in cybersecurity are vulnerable to quantum computers…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Sahay Harshvardhan , Sanil Jain , James E. McClure , Caleb McIrvin , Ngoc Quy Tran

Game-playing proofs constitute a powerful framework for non-quantum cryptographic security arguments, most notably applied in the context of indifferentiability. An essential ingredient in such proofs is lazy sampling of random primitives.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-05-14 Jan Czajkowski , Christian Majenz , Christian Schaffner , Sebastian Zur

In the present Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ), hybrid algorithms that leverage classical resources to reduce quantum costs are particularly appealing. We formulate and apply such a hybrid quantum-classical algorithm to a power…

Quantum machine learning (QML) is a promising paradigm for tackling computational problems that challenge classical AI. Yet, the inherent probabilistic behavior of quantum mechanics, device noise in NISQ hardware, and hybrid…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-05 Ferhat Ozgur Catak , Jungwon Seo , Umit Cali

We investigates a model of hybrid classical-quantum communication complexity, in which two parties first exchange classical messages and subsequently communicate using quantum messages. We study the trade-off between the classical and…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Xudong Wu , Guangxu Yang , Penghui Yao

We study the status of fair sampling on Noisy Intermediate Scale Quantum (NISQ) devices, in particular the IBM Q family of backends. Using the recently introduced Grover Mixer-QAOA algorithm for discrete optimization, we generate fair…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-05-11 John Golden , Andreas Bärtschi , Daniel O'Malley , Stephan Eidenbenz

The rapid progress of noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) computing underscores the need to test and evaluate new devices and applications. Quantum chemistry is a key application area for these devices, and therefore serves as an…

Grover search is a renowned quantum search algorithm that leverages quantum superposition to find a marked item with quadratic speedup. However, when implemented on Noisy Intermediate-scale Quantum (NISQ) hardware, the required repeated…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-11 Chen-Yu Liu

Compiling Bell games under cryptographic assumptions replaces the need for physical separation, allowing nonlocality to be probed with a single untrusted device. While Kalai et al. (STOC'23) showed that this compilation preserves quantum…

Quantum algorithms for simulating large and complex molecular systems are still in their infancy, and surpassing state-of-the-art classical techniques remains an ever-receding goal post. A promising avenue of inquiry in the meanwhile is to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-07 Soohaeng Yoo Willow , D. ChangMo Yang , Chang Woo Myung