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Non-Hermitian (NH) Hamiltonians have been shown to exhibit unique signatures, including the NH skin effect and an exponential spectral sensitivity with respect to boundary conditions. Here, we investigate as to what extent these remarkable…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2023-12-29 Tommaso Micallo , Carl Lehmann , Jan Carl Budich

Information on quantum systems can be obtained only when they are open (or opened) in relation to a certain environment. As a matter of fact, realistic open quantum systems appear in very different shape. We sketch the theoretical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-09-08 Ingrid Rotter

Describing open quantum systems in terms of effective non-Hermitian Hamiltonians gives rise to non-unitary time evolution. In this paper, we study the impact of non-unitary dynamics on the emergent hydrodynamics in quantum systems with a…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-10-10 Dylan E. Mahoney , Jonas Richter

The interaction picture in a non-Hermitian realization is discussed in detail and considered for its practical use in many-body quantum physics. The resulting non-Hermitian interaction-picture (NHIP) description of dynamics, in which both…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-04-29 R. F. Bishop , M. Znojil

We review analyses of open quantum systems. We show how non-Hermiticity arises in an open quantum system with an infinite environment, focusing on the one-body problem. One of the reasons for taking the present approach is that we can solve…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-17 Naomichi Hatano , Gonzalo Ordonez

The intrinsic dynamics of a system with open decay channels is described by an effective non-Hermitian Hamiltonian which at the same time allows one to find the external dynamics, - reaction cross sections. We discuss ways of incorporating…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2009-11-07 Alexander Volya , Vladimir Zelevinsky

Recently, it has become clear that non-hermitian phenomena can be observed not only in open quantum systems experiencing gain and loss but also in equilibrium single-particle properties of strongly correlated systems. However, the…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2020-05-20 Yoshihiro Michishita , Robert Peters

As a quantum device, a quantum heat engine (QHE) is described by a Hermitian Hamiltonian.However, since it is an open system, reservoirs have to be imposed phenomenologically without any description in the context of quantum mechanics. A…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-11-03 S. Lin , Z. Song

Despite acute interest in the dynamics of non-Hermitian systems, there is a lack of consensus in the mathematical formulation of non-Hermitian quantum mechanics in the community. Different methodologies are used in the literature to study…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-31 Karin Sim , Nicolò Defenu , Paolo Molignini , R. Chitra

It is possible to simulate the dynamics of a single spin-$1/2$ ($\mathsf{PT~}$ symmetric) system by conveniently embedding it into a subspace of a larger Hilbert space with unitary dynamics. Our goal is to formulate a many body…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-08-04 Anant V. Varma , Sourin Das

A defining quantity of a physical system is its energy which is represented by the Hamiltonian. In closed quantum mechanical or/and coherent wave-based systems the Hamiltonian is introduced as a Hermitian operator which ensures real energy…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2026-01-05 Jamal Berakdar , Xi-guang Wang

Quantum entanglement plays a crucial role not only in understanding Hermitian many-body systems but also in offering valuable insights into non-Hermitian quantum systems. In this paper, we analytically investigate the entanglement…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-09 Pei-Yun Yang , Yu-Chin Tzeng

Non-Hermitian quantum systems, characterized by their ability to model open systems with gain and loss, have unveiled striking phenomena such as the non-Hermitian skin effect (NHSE), where eigenstates localize at boundaries under open…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2026-01-06 Chakradhar Rangi , Juana Moreno , Ka-Ming Tam

Describing systems with non-Hermitian (NH) operators remains a challenge in quantum theory due to instabilities (e.g., exceptional points and decoherence) arising from interactions with the environment. We propose a framework to express the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-31 Priyanshi Bhasin , Tanmoy Das

Quantum dots are one of the paradigmatic solid-state systems for quantum engineering, providing an outstanding tunability to explore fundamental quantum phenomena. Here we show that non-Hermitian many-body topological modes can be realized…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2022-02-07 Timo Hyart , Jose L. Lado

We study a non-Hermitian generalization of strongly correlated quantum systems in which the transfer energy of electrons is asymmetric. It is known that a non-Hermitian critical point is equal to the inverse localization length of a…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2007-05-23 Yuichi Nakamura , Naomichi Hatano

We present a systematic study of statistical mechanics for non-Hermitian quantum systems. Our work reveals that the stability of a non-Hermitian system necessitates the existence of a single path-dependent conserved quantity, which, in…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-12-04 Kui Cao , Su-Peng Kou

The non-Hermitian formalism is used at present in many papers for the description of open quantum systems. A special language developed in this field of physics which makes it difficult for many physicists to follow and to understand the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-12-11 Hichem Eleuch , Ingrid Rotter

The non-Hermitian Hamiltonian describes the effective dynamics of a system coupled to a continuously measured bath, and can exhibit anti-unitary symmetries that give rise to exceptional points and broken phases with complex eigenvalues,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-23 Sejal Ahuja , Keshav Das Agarwal , Aditi Sen De

Non-Hermitian systems display remarkable response effects that reflect a variety of distinct spectral scenarios, such as exceptional points where the eigensystem becomes defective. However, present frameworks treat the different scenarios…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-12 Subhajyoti Bid , Henning Schomerus
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