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The task of building general agents that perform well over a wide range of tasks has been an important goal in reinforcement learning since its inception. The problem has been subject of research of a large body of work, with performance…

As AI systems move from generating text to accomplishing goals through sustained interaction, the ability to model environment dynamics becomes a central bottleneck. Agents that manipulate objects, navigate software, coordinate with others,…

Effective tool use is essential for agentic AI, yet training agents to utilize tools remains challenging due to manually designed rewards, limited training data, and poor multi-tool selection, resulting in slow adaptation, wasted…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Quy Minh Le , Minh Sao Khue Luu , Khanh-Tung Tran , Duc-Hai Nguyen , Hoang-Quoc-Viet Pham , Quan Le , Hoang Thanh Lam , Hoang D. Nguyen

Learning how to do things from trial and error in real time is a hallmark of biological intelligence, yet most LLM-based agents lack mechanisms to acquire procedural knowledge after deployment. We propose Procedural Recall for Agents with…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Dasheng Bi , Yubin Hu , Mohammed N. Nasir

Outcome-driven reinforcement learning has advanced reasoning in large language models (LLMs), but prevailing tool-augmented approaches train a single, monolithic policy that interleaves thoughts and tool calls under full context; this…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Zhuofeng Li , Haoxiang Zhang , Seungju Han , Sheng Liu , Jianwen Xie , Yu Zhang , Yejin Choi , James Zou , Pan Lu

AI agents, empowered by Large Language Models (LLMs) and communication protocols such as MCP and A2A, have rapidly evolved from simple chatbots to autonomous entities capable of executing complex, multi-step tasks, demonstrating great…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Erhu Feng , Wenbo Zhou , Zibin Liu , Le Chen , Yunpeng Dong , Cheng Zhang , Yisheng Zhao , Dong Du , Zhichao Hua , Yubin Xia , Haibo Chen

AI agentic programming is an emerging paradigm where large language model (LLM)-based coding agents autonomously plan, execute, and interact with tools such as compilers, debuggers, and version control systems. Unlike conventional code…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Huanting Wang , Jingzhi Gong , Huawei Zhang , Jie Xu , Zheng Wang

The recent surge in AI agents that autonomously communicate, collaborate with humans and use diverse tools has unlocked promising opportunities in various real-world settings. However, a vital aspect remains underexplored: how agents handle…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Nabeel Seedat , Jiashuo Liu , Mihaela van der Schaar

Automated scientific discovery promises to accelerate progress across scientific domains. However, developing and evaluating an AI agent's capacity for end-to-end scientific reasoning is challenging as running real-world experiments is…

While GUI agents have shown impressive capabilities in common computer-use tasks such as OSWorld, current benchmarks mainly focus on isolated and single-application tasks. This overlooks a critical real-world requirement of coordinating…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Jinchao Li , Yunxin Li , Chenrui Zhao , Zhenran Xu , Baotian Hu , Min Zhang

As organizations move toward production deployments of AI agents, which execute non-deterministic workflows, maintain stateful sessions, and often operate with privileged access to internal services, the engineering challenge shifts from…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Nikita Benkovich , Vitalii Valkov

The vision of 6G communication demands autonomous and resilient networking in environments without fixed infrastructure. Yet most multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) approaches focus on isolated stages - exploration, relay formation,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-24 Han Zeng , Haibo Wang , Luhao Fan , Bingcheng Zhu , Xiaohu You , Zaichen Zhang

Continual learning is often motivated by the idea, known as the big world hypothesis, that "the world is bigger" than the agent. Recent problem formulations capture this idea by explicitly constraining an agent relative to the environment.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Alex Lewandowski , Adtiya A. Ramesh , Edan Meyer , Dale Schuurmans , Marlos C. Machado

To close the gap between LLM-based agents and humans in planning and reasoning, agents need large-scale, diverse environments for continuous learning -- yet building such environments is itself prohibitively expensive. We present C-World,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Ziqiao Xi , Shuang Liang , Qi Liu , Jiaqing Zhang , Letian Peng , Fang Nan , Meshal Nayim , Tianhui Zhang , Rishika Mundada , Lianhui Qin , Biwei Huang , Kun Zhou

Large Language Model (LLM) Agents, often trained with Reinforcement Learning (RL), are constrained by a dependency on human-curated data, limiting scalability and tethering AI to human knowledge. Existing self-evolution frameworks offer an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Peng Xia , Kaide Zeng , Jiaqi Liu , Can Qin , Fang Wu , Yiyang Zhou , Caiming Xiong , Huaxiu Yao

We study whether self-learning can scale LLM-based agents without relying on human-curated datasets or predefined rule-based rewards. Through controlled experiments in a search-agent setting, we identify two key determinants of scalable…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Wangtao Sun , Xiang Cheng , Jialin Fan , Yao Xu , Xing Yu , Shizhu He , Jun Zhao , Kang Liu

Current AI agents can flexibly invoke tools and execute complex tasks, yet their long-term advancement is hindered by the lack of systematic accumulation and transfer of skills. Without a unified mechanism for skill consolidation, agents…

This paper investigates multimodal agents, in particular, OpenAI's Computer-User Agent (CUA), trained to control and complete tasks through a standard computer interface, similar to humans. We evaluated the agent's performance on the New…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-23 Sarath Shekkizhar , Romain Cosentino

As the capability frontier of autonomous agents continues to expand, they are increasingly able to complete specialized tasks through plug-and-play external skills. Yet current benchmarks mostly test whether models can use provided skills,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Ziao Zhang , Kou Shi , Shiting Huang , Avery Nie , Yu Zeng , Yiming Zhao , Zhen Fang , Qishen Su , Haibo Qiu , Wei Yang , Qingnan Ren , Shun Zou , Wenxuan Huang , Lin Chen , Zehui Chen , Feng Zhao

The transition from human-centric to agent-centric software development practices is disrupting existing knowledge sharing environments for software developers. Traditional peer-to-peer repositories and developer communities for shared…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Valentin Tablan , Scott Taylor , Gabriel Hurtado , Kristoffer Bernhem , Anders Uhrenholt , Gabriele Farei , Karo Moilanen