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Related papers: PuzzleJAX: A Benchmark for Reasoning and Learning

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Games have long been used as benchmarks and testing environments for research in artificial intelligence. A key step in supporting this research was the development of game description languages: frameworks that compile domain-specific code…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Graham Todd , Alexander G. Padula , Dennis J. N. J. Soemers , Julian Togelius

This work investigates the reasoning and planning capabilities of foundation models and their scalability in complex, dynamic environments. We introduce PuzzlePlex, a benchmark designed to assess these capabilities through a diverse set of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Yitao Long , Yuru Jiang , Hongjun Liu , Yilun Zhao , Jingchen Sun , Yiqiu Shen , Chen Zhao , Arman Cohan , Dennis Shasha

We propose Pgx, a suite of board game reinforcement learning (RL) environments written in JAX and optimized for GPU/TPU accelerators. By leveraging JAX's auto-vectorization and parallelization over accelerators, Pgx can efficiently scale to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Sotetsu Koyamada , Shinri Okano , Soichiro Nishimori , Yu Murata , Keigo Habara , Haruka Kita , Shin Ishii

There is much interest in using large pre-trained models in Automatic Game Design (AGD), whether via the generation of code, assets, or more abstract conceptualization of design ideas. But so far this interest largely stems from the ad hoc…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Sam Earle , Ahmed Khalifa , Muhammad Umair Nasir , Zehua Jiang , Graham Todd , Andrzej Banburski-Fahey , Julian Togelius

Riichi Mahjong is a multi-player, imperfect-information game characterized by stochasticity and high-dimensional state spaces. These attributes present a unique combination of challenges that mirror complex real-world decision-making…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Soichiro Nishimori , Shinri Okano , Keigo Habara , Sotetsu Koyamada , Eason Yu , Masashi Sugiyama

We present msmJAX, a Python package implementing the multilevel summation method with B-spline interpolation, a linear-scaling algorithm for efficiently evaluating electrostatic and other long-range interactions in particle-based…

Computational Physics · Physics 2025-10-08 Florian Buchner , Johannes Schörghuber , Nico Unglert , Jesús Carrete , Georg K. H. Madsen

Reasoning is a fundamental capability of large language models (LLMs), enabling them to comprehend, analyze, and solve complex problems. In this paper, we introduce TextGames, an innovative benchmark specifically crafted to assess LLMs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Frederikus Hudi , Genta Indra Winata , Ruochen Zhang , Alham Fikri Aji

Puzzlehunts are a genre of complex, multi-step puzzles lacking well-defined problem definitions. In contrast to conventional reasoning benchmarks consisting of tasks with clear instructions and constrained environments, puzzlehunts requires…

High-quality mathematical and logical datasets with verifiable answers are essential for strengthening the reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs). While recent data augmentation techniques have facilitated the creation of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Kai Xiong , Yanwei Huang , Rongjunchen Zhang , Kun Chen , Haipang Wu , Yingcai Wu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated notable capabilities across various tasks, showcasing complex problem-solving abilities. Understanding and executing complex rules, along with multi-step planning, are fundamental to logical…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Jiayi Gui , Yiming Liu , Jiale Cheng , Xiaotao Gu , Xiao Liu , Hongning Wang , Yuxiao Dong , Jie Tang , Minlie Huang

SymJAX is a symbolic programming version of JAX simplifying graph input/output/updates and providing additional functionalities for general machine learning and deep learning applications. From an user perspective SymJAX provides a la…

Mathematical Software · Computer Science 2020-05-22 Randall Balestriero

Many challenging reasoning tasks require not just rapid, intuitive responses, but a more deliberate, multi-step approach. Recent progress in large language models (LLMs) highlights an important shift from the "System 1" way of quick…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Guizhen Chen , Weiwen Xu , Hao Zhang , Hou Pong Chan , Chaoqun Liu , Lidong Bing , Deli Zhao , Anh Tuan Luu , Yu Rong

We present PLUGH (https://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=plugh), a modern benchmark that currently consists of 5 tasks, each with 125 input texts extracted from 48 different games and representing 61 different (non-isomorphic)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-12 Alexey Tikhonov

As Large Language Models (LLMs) are integrated into critical real-world applications, their strategic and logical reasoning abilities are increasingly crucial. This paper evaluates LLMs' reasoning abilities in competitive environments…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Jinhao Duan , Renming Zhang , James Diffenderfer , Bhavya Kailkhura , Lichao Sun , Elias Stengel-Eskin , Mohit Bansal , Tianlong Chen , Kaidi Xu

We introduce LLM CHESS, an evaluation framework designed to probe the generalization of reasoning and instruction-following abilities in large language models (LLMs) through extended agentic interaction in the domain of chess. We rank over…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Sai Kolasani , Maxim Saplin , Nicholas Crispino , Kyle Montgomery , Jared Quincy Davis , Matei Zaharia , Chi Wang , Chenguang Wang

We present DrJAX, a JAX-based library designed to support large-scale distributed and parallel machine learning algorithms that use MapReduce-style operations. DrJAX leverages JAX's sharding mechanisms to enable native targeting of TPUs and…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Keith Rush , Zachary Charles , Zachary Garrett , Sean Augenstein , Nicole Mitchell

Algorithmic reasoning is a fundamental cognitive ability that plays a pivotal role in problem-solving and decision-making processes. Reinforcement Learning (RL) has demonstrated remarkable proficiency in tasks such as motor control,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Benjamin Estermann , Luca A. Lanzendörfer , Yannick Niedermayr , Roger Wattenhofer

Existing reasoning evaluation frameworks for Large Language Models (LLMs) and Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) predominantly assess either text-based reasoning or vision-language understanding capabilities, with limited dynamic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Jixuan Leng , Chengsong Huang , Langlin Huang , Bill Yuchen Lin , William W. Cohen , Haohan Wang , Jiaxin Huang

As language models master existing reasoning benchmarks, we need new challenges to evaluate their cognitive frontiers. Puzzle-solving events are rich repositories of challenging multimodal problems that test a wide range of advanced…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-17 Clinton J. Wang , Dean Lee , Cristina Menghini , Johannes Mols , Jack Doughty , Adam Khoja , Jayson Lynch , Sean Hendryx , Summer Yue , Dan Hendrycks

Puzzles have long served as compact and revealing probes of human cognition, isolating abstraction, rule discovery, and systematic reasoning with minimal reliance on prior knowledge. Leveraging these properties, visual puzzles have recently…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Maria Lymperaiou , Vasileios Karampinis , Giorgos Filandrianos , Angelos Vlachos , Chrysoula Zerva , Athanasios Voulodimos
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