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Over the past year, the development of large language models (LLMs) has brought spatial intelligence into focus, with much attention on vision-based embodied intelligence. However, spatial intelligence spans a broader range of disciplines…

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant potential to accelerate scientific discovery as valuable tools for analyzing data, generating hypotheses, and supporting innovative approaches in various scientific fields. In this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Jin Huang , Silviu Cucerzan , Sujay Kumar Jauhar , Ryen W. White

The recent development on large multimodal models (LMMs), especially GPT-4V(ision) and Gemini, has been quickly expanding the capability boundaries of multimodal models beyond traditional tasks like image captioning and visual question…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-03-14 Boyuan Zheng , Boyu Gou , Jihyung Kil , Huan Sun , Yu Su

Construction remains one of the most hazardous sectors. Recent advancements in AI, particularly Large Language Models (LLMs), offer promising opportunities for enhancing workplace safety. However, responsible integration of LLMs requires…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-14 Farouq Sammour , Jia Xu , Xi Wang , Mo Hu , Zhenyu Zhang

Based on powerful Large Language Models (LLMs), recent generative Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have gained prominence as a pivotal research area, exhibiting remarkable capability for both comprehension and generation. In this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-03 Bohao Li , Rui Wang , Guangzhi Wang , Yuying Ge , Yixiao Ge , Ying Shan

This thesis introduces "Embodied Spatial Intelligence" to address the challenge of creating robots that can perceive and act in the real world based on natural language instructions. To bridge the gap between Large Language Models (LLMs)…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Jiading Fang

We investigate the multilingual and multimodal performance of a large language model-based artificial intelligence (AI) system, GPT-4o, using a diverse set of physics concept inventories spanning multiple languages and subject categories.…

Physics Education · Physics 2025-07-14 Gerd Kortemeyer , Marina Babayeva , Giulia Polverini , Ralf Widenhorn , Bor Gregorcic

With the integration of multimodal large language models (MLLMs) into robotic systems and AI applications, embedding emotional intelligence (EI) capabilities is essential for enabling these models to perceive, interpret, and respond to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-28 He Hu , Lianzhong You , Hongbo Xu , Qianning Wang , Fei Richard Yu , Fei Ma , Zebang Cheng , Zheng Lian , Yucheng Zhou , Laizhong Cui

The integration of embodied agents into human environments demands embodied social intelligence: reasoning over both social norms and physical constraints. However, existing evaluations fail to address this integration, as they are limited…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Zhe Sun , Xueyuan Yang , Yujie Lu , Zhenliang Zhang

Navigating complex, densely packed environments like retail stores, warehouses, and hospitals poses a significant spatial grounding challenge for humans and embodied AI. In these spaces, dense visual features quickly become stale given the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Shivendra Agrawal , Bradley Hayes

The advent of large language models (LLMs) has heightened interest in their potential for multimodal applications that integrate language and vision. This paper explores the capabilities of GPT-4V in the realms of geography, environmental…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-29 Chenjiao Tan , Qian Cao , Yiwei Li , Jielu Zhang , Xiao Yang , Huaqin Zhao , Zihao Wu , Zhengliang Liu , Hao Yang , Nemin Wu , Tao Tang , Xinyue Ye , Lilong Chai , Ninghao Liu , Changying Li , Lan Mu , Tianming Liu , Gengchen Mai

The rapid advancement of multimodal large language models (LLMs) has opened new frontiers in artificial intelligence, enabling the integration of diverse large-scale data types such as text, images, and spatial information. In this paper,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Long Yuan , Fengran Mo , Kaiyu Huang , Wenjie Wang , Wangyuxuan Zhai , Xiaoyu Zhu , You Li , Jinan Xu , Jian-Yun Nie

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) are evolving from passive observers into active agents, solving problems through Visual Expansion (invoking visual tools) and Knowledge Expansion (open-web search). However, existing evaluations fall…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Qianshan Wei , Yishan Yang , Siyi Wang , Jinglin Chen , Binyu Wang , Jiaming Wang , Shuang Chen , Zechen Li , Yang Shi , Yuqi Tang , Weining Wang , Yi Yu , Chaoyou Fu , Qi Li , Yi-Fan Zhang

By integrating the perception capabilities of multimodal encoders with the generative power of Large Language Models (LLMs), Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs), exemplified by GPT-4V, have achieved great success in various multimodal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-18 Wenbin An , Jiahao Nie , Yaqiang Wu , Feng Tian , Shijian Lu , Qinghua Zheng

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable abilities across numerous disciplines, primarily assessed through tasks in language generation, knowledge utilization, and complex reasoning. However, their alignment with human…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-07-31 Xuena Wang , Xueting Li , Zi Yin , Yue Wu , Liu Jia

This paper investigates Large Language Models (LLMs) ability to assess the economic soundness and theoretical consistency of empirical findings in spatial econometrics. We created original and deliberately altered "counterfactual" summaries…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Giuseppe Arbia , Luca Morandini , Vincenzo Nardelli

Edge Intelligence (EI) has been instrumental in delivering real-time, localized services by leveraging the computational capabilities of edge networks. The integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) empowers EI to evolve into the next…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Handi Chen , Weipeng Deng , Shuo Yang , Jinfeng Xu , Zhihan Jiang , Edith C. H. Ngai , Jiangchuan Liu , Xue Liu

AI models like GPT-5 are an increasingly valuable tool for scientists, but many remain unaware of the capabilities of frontier AI. We present a collection of short case studies in which GPT-5 produced new, concrete steps in ongoing research…

Edge computing enables real-time data processing closer to its source, thus improving the latency and performance of edge-enabled AI applications. However, traditional AI models often fall short when dealing with complex, dynamic tasks that…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Haoxiang Luo , Yinqiu Liu , Ruichen Zhang , Jiacheng Wang , Gang Sun , Dusit Niyato , Hongfang Yu , Zehui Xiong , Xianbin Wang , Xuemin Shen