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In human-robot interaction (HRI), detecting a human's gaze helps robots interpret user attention and intent. However, most gaze detection approaches rely on specialized eye-tracking hardware, limiting deployment in everyday settings.…
Purpose of the research: In the biometric community, visible human characteristics are popular and viable for verification and identification on mobile devices. However, imposters are able to spoof such characteristics by creating fake and…
Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) offer a way to interact with computers without relying on physical movements. Non-invasive electroencephalography (EEG)-based visual BCIs, known for efficient speed and calibration ease, face limitations in…
Eye-tracking technology is an integral component of new display devices such as virtual and augmented reality headsets. Applications of gaze information range from new interaction techniques exploiting eye patterns to gaze-contingent…
Mobile eye-tracking systems have been available for about a decade now and are becoming increasingly popular in different fields of application, including marketing, sociology, usability studies and linguistics. While the user-friendliness…
By borrowing the wisdom of human in gaze following, we propose a two-stage solution for gaze point prediction of the target persons in a scene. Specifically, in the first stage, both head image and its position are fed into a gaze direction…
Recognising expressive behaviours in face videos is a long-standing challenge in Affective Computing. Despite significant advancements in recent years, it still remains a challenge to build a robust and reliable system for naturalistic and…
We present a first-of-its-kind ultra-compact intelligent camera system, dubbed i-FlatCam, including a lensless camera with a computational (Comp.) chip. It highlights (1) a predict-then-focus eye tracking pipeline for boosted efficiency…
Eye movements are intricate and dynamic events that contain a wealth of information about the subject and the stimuli. We propose an abstract representation of eye movements that preserve the important nuances in gaze behavior while being…
We present a novel, automatic eye gaze tracking scheme inspired by smooth pursuit eye motion while playing mobile games or watching virtual reality contents. Our algorithm continuously calibrates an eye tracking system for a head mounted…
Eye-tracking offers rich insights into student cognition and engagement, but remains underutilized in classroom-facing educational technology due to challenges in data interpretation and accessibility. In this paper, we present the…
Appearance-based gaze estimation methods that only require an off-the-shelf camera have significantly improved but they are still not yet widely used in the human-computer interaction (HCI) community. This is partly because it remains…
Preference learning methods, such as Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) and Direct Preference Optimization (DPO), rely on pairwise human judgments, yet little is known about the cognitive processes underlying these judgments.…
Eye tracking is routinely being incorporated into virtual reality (VR) systems. Prior research has shown that eye tracking data, if exposed, can be used for re-identification attacks. The state of our knowledge about currently existing…
Despite significant advances in improving the gaze tracking accuracy under controlled conditions, the tracking robustness under real-world conditions, such as large head pose and movements, use of eyeglasses, illumination and eye type…
This paper proposes a set of techniques to investigate eye gaze and fixation patterns while users interact with electronic user interfaces. In particular, two case studies are presented - one on analysing eye gaze while interacting with…
We present an extensive, in-depth analysis of the eye tracking capabilities of the Meta Quest Pro virtual reality headset using a dataset of eye movement recordings collected from 78 participants. In addition to presenting classical signal…
With the imminent release of the Apple Vision Pro, a wave of innovative technology will be going to get into people's hands. The "eyes and hands" interface mixes up interaction design, indicating a need for principles, frameworks, and…
In this study, we present a quantitative and comprehensive analysis of social gaze in people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Diverging from traditional first-person camera perspectives based on eye-tracking technologies, this study…
Eye tracking has been a pivotal tool in diverse fields such as vision research, language analysis, and usability assessment. The majority of prior investigations, however, have concentrated on expansive desktop displays employing…