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Ferroelectricity is characterized by the presence of spontaneous and switchable macroscopic polarization. Scaling limits of ferroelectricity have been of both fundamental and technological importance, but the probes of ferroelectricity have…

This study presents a theoretical investigation of the physical mechanisms governing small signal capacitance in ferroelectrics, focusing on Hafnium Zirconium Oxide. Utilizing a time-dependent Ginzburg Landau formalism-based 2D multi-grain…

Materials Science · Physics 2024-07-23 Revanth Koduru , Atanu K. Saha , Martin M. Frank , Sumeet K. Gupta

Unconventional ferroelectricity, robust at reduced nanoscale sizes, exhibited by hafnia-based thin-films presents tremendous opportunities in nanoelectronics. However, the exact nature of polarization switching remains controversial. Here,…

Ferroelectrics offer a promising materials platform to realize energy-efficient non-volatile memory technology with the FeFET-based implementations being one of the most area-efficient ferroelectric memory architectures. However, the FeFET…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-08-30 Jaykumar Vaidya , R S Surya Kanthi , Shamiul Alam , Nazmul Amin , Ahmedullah Aziz , Nikhil Shukla

Nanoscale ferroelectrics that can be integrated into microelectronic fabrication processes are highly desirable for low-power computing and non-volatile memory devices. However, scalable novel ferroelectric materials, such as hafnium oxide…

The discovery of ferroelectricity in HfO$_2$-based thin films opens up new opportunities for using this silicon-compatible ferroelectric to realize low-power logic circuits and high-density non-volatile memories. The functional performances…

Materials Science · Physics 2021-02-03 Jing Wu , Yuzhi Zhang , Linfeng Zhang , Shi Liu

Recent advances in silicon foundry-process compatible ferroelectric (FE) thin films have reinvigorated interest in FE-based non-volatile memory (NVM) devices. Ferroelectric diodes (FeDs) are two-terminal NVM devices exhibiting rectifying…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-04-01 Soumya Sarkar , Xiwen Liu , Deep Jariwala

Going down to the limit of ultrathin films holds promise for a new generation of devices such as ferroelectric tunnel junctions or resistive memories. However, these length scales also make the devices sensitive to parasitic effects related…

Ferroelectric materials are characterized by the presence of an electric dipole that can be reversed by application of an external electric field, a feature that is exploited in ferroelectric memories. All ferroelectrics are piezoelectric,…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2011-10-07 H. Lu , C. -W. Bark , D. Esque de los Ojos , J. Alcala , C. -B. Eom , G. Catalan , A. Gruverman

Transformer decoding is constrained by both attention compute and KV-cache movement. This paper presents the Ferroelectric Charge-Domain Compute Cell (FCDC), a hafnium-zirconium-oxide (HZO) memcapacitor with an access device that stores…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Faris Abouagour

Ferroelectric non-volatile capacitance-based memories enable non-destructive readout and low-power in-memory computing with 3D stacking potential. However, their limited memory window (1-10 fF/{\mu}m) requires material-device-circuit…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Luca Fehlings , Nihal Raut , Md. Hanif Ali , Francesco M. Puglisi , Andrea Padovani , Veeresh Deshpande , Erika Covi

Although ferroelectric systems inherently exhibit binary switching behavior, recent advances in analog memory device have spurred growing interest in achieving continuous memory states. In this work, we demonstrate ferroelectric amplitude…

After the discovery of ferroelectricity in HfO$_2$ based thin films a decade ago, ferroelectric Hf$_{0.5}$Zr$_{0.5}$O$_2$ (HZO) thin films are frequently being utilized in the CMOS (Complementary Metal- Oxide Semiconductor) and logic…

Materials Science · Physics 2024-09-11 Deepak Kumar

Due to traits of CMOS compatibility and scalability, HfO2-based ferroelectrics are promising candidates for next-generation memory devices. However, their commercialization has been greatly hindered by reliability issues, with fatigue being…

The coexistence and coupling between magnetization and electric polarization in multiferroic materials provide extra degrees of freedom for creating next-generation memory devices. A variety of concepts of multiferroic or magnetoelectric…

Materials Science · Physics 2016-06-23 Jianxin Shen , Junzhuang Cong , Dashan Shang , Yisheng Chai , Shipeng Shen , Kun Zhai , Young Sun

Neuromorphic computing, inspired by biological intelligence, offers a pathway to revolutionize artificial intelligence (AI) by unifying memory and processing in an energy-efficient, sustainable framework for data-intensive tasks.…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-09-10 Xinye Li , Sayani Majumdar

Fluorite-type $\mathrm{HfO_2}$-based ferroelectric (FE) oxides have rekindled interest in FE memories due to their compatibility with silicon processing and potential for high-density integration. The polarization characteristics of FE…

Ferroelectric HfO2-based materials hold great potential for widespread integration of ferroelectricity into modern electronics due to their robust ferroelectric properties at the nanoscale and compatibility with the existing Si technology.…

TiO2 ferroelectric field effect transistors (FeFETs) with HfZrO2 (HZO) ferroelectric dielectric layers and bottom gate topology are fabricated for applications in neuromorphic systems. Two sets of devices are fabricated with different gate…

Applied Physics · Physics 2026-05-21 Chandan Samanta , Elia Palmese , Ziyu Ouyang , Tuofu Zhama , Robinson Pino , Yuping Zeng

Since the first report of ferroelectricity in nanoscale HfO$_2$-based thin films in 2011, this silicon-compatible binary oxide has quickly garnered intense interest in academia and industry, and continues to do so. Despite its deceivingly…

Materials Science · Physics 2024-08-27 Tianyuan Zhu , Liyang Ma , Shiqing Deng , Shi Liu