English
Related papers

Related papers: Aggregate-Combine-Readout GNNs Are More Expressive…

200 papers

The expressive power of graph neural networks (GNNs) is typically understood through their correspondence with graph isomorphism tests such as the Weisfeiler-Leman (WL) hierarchy. While more expressive GNNs can distinguish a richer set of…

To deepen our understanding of graph neural networks, we investigate the representation power of Graph Convolutional Networks (GCN) through the looking glass of graph moments, a key property of graph topology encoding path of various…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-04 Nima Dehmamy , Albert-László Barabási , Rose Yu

This paper presents the first use of graph neural networks (GNNs) for higher-order proof search and demonstrates that GNNs can improve upon state-of-the-art results in this domain. Interactive, higher-order theorem provers allow for the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-16 Aditya Paliwal , Sarah Loos , Markus Rabe , Kshitij Bansal , Christian Szegedy

Graph neural network (GNN) is effective to model graphs for distributed representations of nodes and an entire graph. Recently, research on the expressive power of GNN attracted growing attention. A highly-expressive GNN has the ability to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-01 Chengsheng Mao , Yuan Luo

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have emerged as a dominant paradigm for graph classification. Specifically, most existing GNNs mainly rely on the message passing strategy between neighbor nodes, where the expressivity is limited by the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Lin Du , Lu Bai , Jincheng Li , Lixin Cui , Hangyuan Du , Lichi Zhang , Yuting Chen , Zhao Li

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are deep learning models that take graph data as inputs, and they are applied to various tasks such as traffic prediction and molecular property prediction. However, owing to the complexity of the GNNs, it has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-02 Tetsu Kasanishi , Xueting Wang , Toshihiko Yamasaki

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have emerged as an efficient alternative to convolutional approaches for vision tasks such as image classification, leveraging patch-based representations instead of raw pixels. These methods construct graphs…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Nikolaos Chaidos , Angeliki Dimitriou , Nikolaos Spanos , Athanasios Voulodimos , Giorgos Stamou

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) achieve state-of-the-art performance in various graph-related tasks. However, the black-box nature often limits their interpretability and trustworthiness. Numerous explainability methods have been proposed to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-13 Jialin Chen , Kenza Amara , Junchi Yu , Rex Ying

Recently, subgraphs-enhanced Graph Neural Networks (SGNNs) have been introduced to enhance the expressive power of Graph Neural Networks (GNNs), which was proved to be not higher than the 1-dimensional Weisfeiler-Leman isomorphism test. The…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-20 Michele Guerra , Indro Spinelli , Simone Scardapane , Filippo Maria Bianchi

Question Answering (QA) has been a long-standing research topic in AI and NLP fields, and a wealth of studies have been conducted to attempt to equip QA systems with human-level reasoning capability. To approximate the complicated human…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-10-08 Kuan Wang , Yuyu Zhang , Diyi Yang , Le Song , Tao Qin

Deep neural networks (DNNs) achieve state-of-the-art performance on many tasks, but this often requires increasingly larger model sizes, which in turn leads to more complex internal representations. Explainability techniques (XAI) have made…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Tom Pelletreau-Duris , Ruud van Bakel , Michael Cochez

The expressivity of Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) has been studied broadly in recent years to reveal the design principles for more powerful GNNs. Graph canonization is known as a typical approach to distinguish non-isomorphic graphs, yet…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-12 Zehao Dong , Muhan Zhang , Philip R. O. Payne , Michael A Province , Carlos Cruchaga , Tianyu Zhao , Fuhai Li , Yixin Chen

This extended abstract describes a framework for analyzing the expressiveness, learning, and (structural) generalization of hypergraph neural networks (HyperGNNs). Specifically, we focus on how HyperGNNs can learn from finite datasets and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-10 Zhezheng Luo , Jiayuan Mao , Joshua B. Tenenbaum , Leslie Pack Kaelbling

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have emerged as a powerful tool for data-driven learning on various graph domains. They are usually based on a message-passing mechanism and have gained increasing popularity for their intuitive formulation,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-02 Giuseppe Alessio D'Inverno , Simone Brugiapaglia , Mirco Ravanelli

Characterizing the separation power of graph neural networks (GNNs) provides an understanding of their limitations for graph learning tasks. Results regarding separation power are, however, usually geared at specific GNN architectures, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-12 Floris Geerts , Juan L. Reutter

We study the numerical and Boolean expressiveness of MPLang, a declarative language that captures the computation of graph neural networks (GNNs) through linear message passing and activation functions. We begin with A-MPLang, the fragment…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Pablo Barceló , Floris Geerts , Matthias Lanzinger , Klara Pakhomenko , Jan Van den Bussche

Recently, the Weisfeiler-Lehman (WL) graph isomorphism test was used to measure the expressive power of graph neural networks (GNN). It was shown that the popular message passing GNN cannot distinguish between graphs that are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-11 Haggai Maron , Heli Ben-Hamu , Hadar Serviansky , Yaron Lipman

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have been shown to be highly sensitive to the choice of aggregation function. While summing over a node's neighbours can approximate any permutation-invariant function over discrete inputs, Cohen-Karlik et al.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-19 Euan Ong , Petar Veličković

Following a fast initial breakthrough in graph based learning, Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have reached a widespread application in many science and engineering fields, prompting the need for methods to understand their decision process.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Antonio Longa , Steve Azzolin , Gabriele Santin , Giulia Cencetti , Pietro Liò , Bruno Lepri , Andrea Passerini

We study the Guarded Fragment with Regular Guards (RGF), which combines the expressive power of the Guarded Fragment (GF) with Propositional Dynamic Logic with Intersection and Converse (ICPDL). Our logic generalizes, in a uniform way, many…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Bartosz Bednarczyk , Emanuel Kieroński