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Graphical User Interface (GUI) agents have emerged as a promising paradigm for intelligent systems that perceive and interact with graphical interfaces visually. Yet supervised fine-tuning alone cannot handle long-horizon credit assignment,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Junan Hu , Jian Liu , Jingxiang Lai , Jiarui Hu , Yiwei Sheng , Shuang Chen , Jian Li , Dazhao Du , Song Guo

Graphical User Interface (GUI) grounding plays a crucial role in enhancing the capabilities of Vision-Language Model (VLM) agents. While general VLMs, such as GPT-4V, demonstrate strong performance across various tasks, their proficiency in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Anthony Nguyen

Autonomous agents for long-sequence Graphical User Interface tasks are hindered by sparse rewards and the intractable credit assignment problem. To address these challenges, we introduce GUI-Shepherd, a Process Reward Model that provides…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Cong Chen , Kaixiang Ji , Hao Zhong , Muzhi Zhu , Anzhou Li , Guo Gan , Ziyuan Huang , Cheng Zou , Jiajia Liu , Jingdong Chen , Hao Chen , Chunhua Shen

Graphical User Interface (GUI) task automation constitutes a critical frontier in artificial intelligence research. While effective GUI agents synergistically integrate planning and grounding capabilities, current methodologies exhibit two…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Yuan Zhao , Hualei Zhu , Tingyu Jiang , Shen Li , Xiaohang Xu , Hao Henry Wang

Graphical user interface (GUI) grounding is a key capability for computer-use agents, mapping natural-language instructions to actionable regions on the screen. Existing Multimodal Large Language Model (MLLM) approaches typically formulate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Shijie Zhou , Viet Dac Lai , Hao Tan , Jihyung Kil , Wanrong Zhu , Changyou Chen , Ruiyi Zhang

Instruction-guided image editing requires balancing target modification with non-target preservation. Recently, flow-based models have emerged as a strong and increasingly adopted backbone for instruction-guided image editing, thanks to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Zhuohan Ouyang , Zhe Qian , Wenhuo Cui , Chaoqun Wang

GUI grounding is a critical capability for vision-language models (VLMs) that enables automated interaction with graphical user interfaces by locating target elements from natural language instructions. However, grounding on GUI screenshots…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Siqi Pei , Liang Tang , Tiaonan Duan , Long Chen , Shuxian Li , Kaer Huang , Yanzhe Jing , Yiqiang Yan , Bo Zhang , Chenghao Jiang , Borui Zhang , Jiwen Lu

With the development of multimodal reasoning models, Computer Use Agents (CUAs), akin to Jarvis from \textit{"Iron Man"}, are becoming a reality. GUI grounding is a core component for CUAs to execute actual actions, similar to mechanical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Miaosen Zhang , Ziqiang Xu , Jialiang Zhu , Qi Dai , Kai Qiu , Yifan Yang , Chong Luo , Tianyi Chen , Justin Wagle , Tim Franklin , Baining Guo

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have become powerful general-purpose assistants, yet their predictions often lack reliability and interpretability due to insufficient grounding in visual evidence. The emerging thinking-with-images…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Meng Cao , Haoze Zhao , Can Zhang , Xiaojun Chang , Ian Reid , Xiaodan Liang

Grounding natural language queries in graphical user interfaces (GUIs) presents a challenging task that requires models to comprehend diverse UI elements across various applications and systems, while also accurately predicting the spatial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Zhecheng Li , Guoxian Song , Yiwei Wang , Zhen Xiong , Junsong Yuan , Yujun Cai

Recent advances in video world modeling have enabled large-scale generative models to simulate embodied environments with high visual fidelity, providing strong priors for prediction, planning, and control. Yet, despite their realism, these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Haoyang He , Jay Patrikar , Dong-Ki Kim , Max Smith , Daniel McGann , Ali-akbar Agha-mohammadi , Shayegan Omidshafiei , Sebastian Scherer

Test-time computing approaches, which leverage additional computational resources during inference, have been proven effective in enhancing large language model performance. This work introduces a novel, linearly scaling approach, TestNUC,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Henry Peng Zou , Zhengyao Gu , Yue Zhou , Yankai Chen , Weizhi Zhang , Liancheng Fang , Yibo Wang , Yangning Li , Kay Liu , Philip S. Yu

Automated GUI agents aims to facilitate user interaction by automatically performing complex tasks in digital environments, such as web, mobile, desktop devices. It receives textual task instruction and GUI description to generate…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-02 Jing Huang , Zhixiong Zeng , Wenkang Han , Yufeng Zhong , Liming Zheng , Shuai Fu , Jingyuan Chen , Lin Ma

Rapid urbanization intensifies the demand for Urban General Intelligence (UGI), referring to AI systems that can understand and reason about complex urban environments. Recent studies have built urban foundation models using supervised…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Qiongyan Wang , Xingchen Zou , Yutian Jiang , Haomin Wen , Jiaheng Wei , Qingsong Wen , Yuxuan Liang

Recent advancements in image generation models have enabled the prediction of future Graphical User Interface (GUI) states based on user instructions. However, existing benchmarks primarily focus on general domain visual fidelity, leaving…

Multi-turn GUI agents enable complex task completion through sequential decision-making, but suffer from severe context inflation as interaction history accumulates. Existing strategies either sacrifice long-term context via truncation or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Yurun Song , Jiong Yin , Rongjunchen Zhang , Ian G. Harris

Intrinsic image decomposition aims to estimate physically based rendering (PBR) parameters such as albedo, roughness, and metallicity from images. While recent methods achieve strong single-view predictions, applying them independently to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Alara Dirik , Stefanos Zafeiriou

The existing Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) for GUI perception have made great progress. However, the following challenges still exist in prior methods: 1) They model discrete coordinates based on text autoregressive mechanism,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-08 Hongyi Jing , Jiafu Chen , Chen Rao , Ziqiang Dang , Jiajie Teng , Tianyi Chu , Juncheng Mo , Shuo Fang , Huaizhong Lin , Rui Lv , Chenguang Ma , Lei Zhao

Traditional robotic approaches rely on an accurate model of the environment, a detailed description of how to perform the task, and a robust perception system to keep track of the current state. On the other hand, reinforcement learning…

Training large language models (LLMs) as interactive agents for controlling graphical user interfaces (GUIs) presents a unique challenge to optimize long-horizon action sequences with multimodal feedback from complex environments. While…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Fanbin Lu , Zhisheng Zhong , Shu Liu , Chi-Wing Fu , Jiaya Jia