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The purpose of this research is to design, fabricate and test a tendon driven a continuum soft robot with three modular segments, each of which has a tunable stiffness enabled by layer jamming technology. Compared with previous studies, the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-12-11 Zhong Ouyang

In the automated co-design of soft robots, precisely adapting the material stiffness field to task environments is crucial for unlocking their full physical potential. However, mainstream platforms (e.g., EvoGym) strictly discretize the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Le Shen , Kangyao Huang , Wentao Zhao , Huaping Liu

Active control of the shape of soft robots is challenging. Despite having an infinite number of passive degrees of freedom (DOFs), soft robots typically only have a few actively controllable DOFs, limited by the number of degrees of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-07-10 Brian H. Do , Shuai Wu , Ruike Renee Zhao , Allison M. Okamura

Magnetic continuum robots (MCRs) enable minimally invasive navigation through tortuous anatomical channels, yet axially magnetized designs have largely been limited to bending-only motion. To expand deformation capabilities, this paper…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Wendu Zhang , Heng Wang , Shuangyi Wang , Yuanrui Huang

Stability and reliable operation under a spectrum of environmental conditions is still an open challenge for soft and continuum style manipulators. The inability to carry sufficient load and effectively reject external disturbances are two…

Variable stiffness is a key capability in biological and robotic systems, enabling adaptive interaction across tasks and environments. Mechanical metamaterials offer an alternative to conventional mechatronic solutions by encoding stiffness…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2026-05-06 Hugo de Souza Oliveira , Michele Curatolo , Renate Sachse , Edoardo Milana

Compared to the micro continuum robots that use traditional manufacturing technology, the micro fabricated continuum robots are different in terms of the application of smart materials, additive manufacturing process, and physical field…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Xiaoyu Su , Lei Wang , Zhuoran Chen

Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors (PMSMs) are widely employed in high-performance drive systems owing to their high efficiency and power density. However, nonlinear dynamics, parameter uncertainties, and load disturbances complicate their…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-09 Mubarak Badamasi Aremu , Abdullah Ajasa , Ali Nasir

Soft robots are known for their ability to perform tasks with great adaptability, enabled by their distributed, non-uniform stiffness and actuation. Bending is the most fundamental motion for soft robot design, but creating robust, and…

Soft-growing robots (i.e., vine robots) are a promising class of soft robots that allow for navigation and growth in tightly confined environments. However, these robots remain challenging to model and control due to the complex interplay…

Soft continuum robots achieve complex deformation through elastic equilibrium, making their reachable motions governed jointly by structural design and actuation-induced mechanics. This work develops a general formulation that integrates…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Zhiwei Wu , Jiahao Luo , Siyi Wei , Jinhui Zhang

Soft robots achieve functionality through tight coupling among geometry, material composition, and actuation. As a result, effective design optimization requires these three aspects to be considered jointly rather than in isolation. This…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Vittorio Candiello , Manuel Mekkattu , Mike Y. Michelis , Robert K. Katzschmann

Design of robots at the small scale is a trial-and-error based process, which is costly and time-consuming. There are few dynamic simulation tools available to accurately predict the motion or performance of untethered microrobots as they…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-10-08 Jiayin Xie , Chenghao Bi , David J. Cappelleri , Nilanjan Chakraborty

Continuum robots have gained widespread popularity due to their inherent compliance and flexibility, particularly their adjustable levels of stiffness for various application scenarios. Despite efforts to dynamic modeling and control…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Bowen Yi , Yeman Fan , Dikai Liu , Jose Guadalupe Romero

This paper presents a new stiffness modulation mechanism that enables infinite-range stiffness modulation in a fast manner. The proposed stiffness modulation mechanism can help improve many robot environment interaction applications such as…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Sariyildiz Emre

Robotic arms built from stiffness-adjustable, continuously bending segments serially connected with revolute joints have the ability to change their mechanical architecture and workspace, thus allowing high flexibility and adaptation to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Angus B. Clark , Nicolas Rojas

Robotic systems operating in unstructured environments require the ability to switch between compliant and rigid states to perform diverse tasks such as adaptive grasping, high-force manipulation, shape holding, and navigation in…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Jianshu Zhou , Wei Chen , Junda Huang , Boyuan Liang , Yunhui Liu , Masayoshi Tomizuka

This paper introduces a novel underactuated geometric compliant (UGC) robot and investigates the behaviors of underactuated compliant modules with variable radial stiffness, aiming to enhance the versatility and functionality of UGC robots.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Mark Krysov , Seyed Amir Tafrishi

Adaptive structures are of interest for their ability to dynamically modify mechanical properties post fabrication, enabling structural performance that is responsive to environmental uncertainty and changing loading conditions. Dynamic…

Applied Physics · Physics 2023-12-08 Kai Jun Chen , Maria Sakovsky

We present a machine-learning strategy for finite element analysis of solid mechanics wherein we replace complex portions of a computational domain with a data-driven surrogate. In the proposed strategy, we decompose a computational domain…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-10-24 Eric Parish , Payton Lindsay , Timothy Shelton , John Mersch
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