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Quantum state preparation can be strikingly counterintuitive: the fastest route to a target state need not start from the apparently closest initial condition. We uncover such a quantum Mpemba effect in the dynamical generation of quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-07 Zhenyu Xiao , Hao-Kai Zhang , Shuo Liu

Quantum systems can not be efficiently simulated classically due to the presence of entanglement and nonstabilizerness, also known as quantum magic. Here we study the generation of magic under evolution by a quantum circuit. To be able to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-02 Jordi Arnau Montañà López , Pavel Kos

The Clifford group plays a central role in quantum information science. It is the building block for many error-correcting schemes and matches the first three moments of the Haar measure over the unitary group -a property that is essential…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-17 Lennart Bittel , Jens Eisert , Lorenzo Leone , Antonio A. Mele , Salvatore F. E. Oliviero

Disorder-free quantum many-body localization can strongly suppress transport while still enabling the dynamical buildup of computationally costly non-Clifford resources. In a tilted transverse-field Ising chain realizing disorder-free Stark…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-08 Han-Ze Li , Yi-Rui Zhang , Yu-Jun Zhao , Xuyang Huang , Jian-Xin Zhong

Magic describes the distance of a quantum state to its closest stabilizer state. It is -- like entanglement -- a necessary resource for a potential quantum advantage over classical computing. We study magic, quantified by stabilizer…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-26 Gerald E. Fux , Emanuele Tirrito , Marcello Dalmonte , Rosario Fazio

Non-stabilizerness - also colloquially referred to as magic - is the a resource for advantage in quantum computing and lies in the access to non-Clifford operations. Developing a comprehensive understanding of how non-stabilizerness can be…

We introduce a novel breakthrough approach to evaluate the nonstabilizerness of an $N$-qubits Matrix Product State (MPS) with bond dimension $\chi$. In particular, we consider the recently introduced Stabilizer R\'enyi Entropies (SREs). We…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-20 Guglielmo Lami , Mario Collura

The interplay between non-stabilizerness and entanglement in random states is a very rich arena of study for the understanding of quantum advantage and complexity. In this work, we tackle the problem of such interplay in random pure quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-22 Daniele Iannotti , Gianluca Esposito , Lorenzo Campos Venuti , Alioscia Hamma

We investigate the effectiveness of the stabilizer R\'enyi entropy (SRE), a quantifier associated with non-stabilizer resources (quantum magic), as an indicator of quantum phase transitions. Specifically, we analyze the behavior of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-19 Santanu Sarkar , George Biswas , Jun-Yi Wu , Anindya Biswas

We study the complexity of learning quantum states in various models with respect to the stabilizer formalism and obtain the following results: - We prove that $\Omega(n)$ $T$-gates are necessary for any Clifford+$T$ circuit to prepare…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-18 Sabee Grewal , Vishnu Iyer , William Kretschmer , Daniel Liang

The nonstabilizerness of quantum states is a necessary resource for universal quantum computation, yet its characterization is notoriously demanding. Quantifying nonstabilizerness typically requires an exponential number of measurements and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-24 J. M. Varela , L. L. Keller , A. de Oliveira Junior , D. A. Moreira , R. Chaves , R. A. Macêdo

Developing space- and time-efficient logical magic state preparation protocols will likely be an essential step towards building a large-scale fault-tolerant quantum computer. Motivated by this need, we introduce a scalable method for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-26 Samyak Surti , Lucas Daguerre , Isaac H. Kim

We present exact, closed-form results for the non-stabilizerness of random pure states subject to a U(1) symmetry constraint. Using stabilizer entropy as our non-stabilizerness monotone, we derive the average and the variance for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-16 Daniele Iannotti , Angelo Russotto , Barbara Jasser , Jovan Odavić , Alioscia Hamma

Magic states can be used as a resource to circumvent the restrictions due to stabilizer-preserving operations, and magic-state conversion has not been studied in the single-copy regime thus far. Here we solve the question of whether a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-06-22 Mehdi Ahmadi , Hoan Bui Dang , Gilad Gour , Barry C. Sanders

We introduce a methodology to estimate non-stabilizerness or "magic", a key resource for quantum complexity, with Neural Quantum States (NQS). Our framework relies on two schemes based on Monte Carlo sampling to quantify non-stabilizerness…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-28 Alessandro Sinibaldi , Antonio Francesco Mello , Mario Collura , Giuseppe Carleo

Under unitary evolution, chaotic quantum systems initialized in simple states rapidly develop high complexity, precluding any efficient classical description. Quantum chaos is traditionally characterized by spectral properties of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-21 Ning Sun , Pengfei Zhang

Quantum complexity is emerging as a key property of many-body systems, including black holes, topological materials, and early quantum computers. A state's complexity quantifies the number of computational gates required to prepare the…

Quantum error correction and fault-tolerance have provided the possibility for large scale quantum computations without a detrimental loss of quantum information. A very natural class of gates for fault-tolerant quantum computation is the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-03-12 Tomas Jochym-O'Connor , Yafei Yu , Bassam Helou , Raymond Laflamme

Stabilizer states along with Clifford manipulations (unitary transformations and measurements) thereof -- despite being efficiently simulable on a classical computer -- are an important tool in quantum information processing, with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-27 Ashlesha Patil , Saikat Guha

Anticoncentration describes how an ensemble of quantum states spreads over the allowed Hilbert space, leading to statistically uniform output probability distributions. In this work, we investigate the anticoncentration of random Clifford…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-14 Beatrice Magni , Alexios Christopoulos , Andrea De Luca , Xhek Turkeshi
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