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We introduce two tactics to attack agents trained by deep reinforcement learning algorithms using adversarial examples, namely the strategically-timed attack and the enchanting attack. In the strategically-timed attack, the adversary aims…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-14 Yen-Chen Lin , Zhang-Wei Hong , Yuan-Hong Liao , Meng-Li Shih , Ming-Yu Liu , Min Sun

Text-based games are suitable test-beds for designing agents that can learn by interaction with the environment in the form of natural language text. Very recently, deep reinforcement learning based agents have been successfully applied for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-05-21 Ghulam Ahmed Ansari , Sagar J P , Sarath Chandar , Balaraman Ravindran

Most existing approaches for goal-oriented dialogue policy learning used reinforcement learning, which focuses on the target agent policy and simply treat the opposite agent policy as part of the environment. While in real-world scenarios,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-22 Zheng Zhang , Lizi Liao , Xiaoyan Zhu , Tat-Seng Chua , Zitao Liu , Yan Huang , Minlie Huang

StarCraft II (SC2) is a real-time strategy game in which players produce and control multiple units to fight against opponent's units. Due to its difficulties, such as huge state space, various action space, a long time horizon, and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-11-18 Ruo-Ze Liu , Wenhai Wang , Yanjie Shen , Zhiqi Li , Yang Yu , Tong Lu

Domain Adaptation aiming to learn a transferable feature between different but related domains has been well investigated and has shown excellent empirical performances. Previous works mainly focused on matching the marginal feature…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-26 Fan Zhou , Changjian Shui , Bincheng Huang , Boyu Wang , Brahim Chaib-draa

Success in association football relies on both individual skill and coordinated tactics. While recent advancements in spatio-temporal data and deep learning have enabled predictive analyses like trajectory forecasting, the development of…

In multi-agent environments, agents often struggle to learn optimal policies due to sparse or delayed global rewards, particularly in long-horizon tasks where it is challenging to evaluate actions at intermediate time steps. We introduce…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Aditya Kapoor , Sushant Swamy , Kale-ab Tessera , Mayank Baranwal , Mingfei Sun , Harshad Khadilkar , Stefano V. Albrecht

We present a new dataset containing 10K human-annotated games of Go and show how these natural language annotations can be used as a tool for model interpretability. Given a board state and its associated comment, our approach uses linear…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-18 Nicholas Tomlin , Andre He , Dan Klein

We propose and address a novel few-shot RL problem, where a task is characterized by a subtask graph which describes a set of subtasks and their dependencies that are unknown to the agent. The agent needs to quickly adapt to the task over…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-15 Sungryull Sohn , Hyunjae Woo , Jongwook Choi , Honglak Lee

The discovery of Behavior Trees (BTs) impacted the field of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in games, by providing flexible and natural representation of non-player characters (NPCs) logic, manageable by game-designers. Nevertheless, increased…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-11-25 Andrzej Kozik , Tomasz Machalewski , Mariusz Marek , Adrian Ochmann

Effective planning in the real world requires not only world knowledge, but the ability to leverage that knowledge to build the right representation of the task at hand. Decades of hierarchical planning techniques have used domain-specific…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-12-15 Lionel Wong , Jiayuan Mao , Pratyusha Sharma , Zachary S. Siegel , Jiahai Feng , Noa Korneev , Joshua B. Tenenbaum , Jacob Andreas

This paper develops a control-theoretic framework for analyzing agentic systems embedded within feedback control loops, where an AI agent may adapt controller parameters, select among control strategies, invoke external tools, reconfigure…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-26 Ali Eslami , Jiangbo Yu

A key challenge in multi-robot and multi-agent systems is generating solutions that are robust to other self-interested or even adversarial parties who actively try to prevent the agents from achieving their goals. The practicality of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-10-19 Trong Nghia Hoang , Yuchen Xiao , Kavinayan Sivakumar , Christopher Amato , Jonathan How

Optimization of parameterized policies for reinforcement learning (RL) is an important and challenging problem in artificial intelligence. Among the most common approaches are algorithms based on gradient ascent of a score function…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-15 Sriram Srinivasan , Marc Lanctot , Vinicius Zambaldi , Julien Perolat , Karl Tuyls , Remi Munos , Michael Bowling

Neural nets are powerful function approximators, but the behavior of a given neural net, once trained, cannot be easily modified. We wish, however, for people to be able to influence neural agents' actions despite the agents never training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-01 Mycal Tucker , William Kuhl , Khizer Shahid , Seth Karten , Katia Sycara , Julie Shah

We address the problem of learning to assign prediction tasks to one agent from a set of available human or AI agents. In particular, we focus on the sequential learning of agent expertise and assignment policies where each agent is…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Shang Wu , Saatvik Kher , Padhraic Smyth

We study reinforcement learning (RL) for text-based games, which are interactive simulations in the context of natural language. While different methods have been developed to represent the environment information and language actions,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-29 Yunqiu Xu , Meng Fang , Ling Chen , Yali Du , Joey Tianyi Zhou , Chengqi Zhang

Deep reinforcement learning (RL) policies are known to be vulnerable to adversarial perturbations to their observations, similar to adversarial examples for classifiers. However, an attacker is not usually able to directly modify another…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-19 Adam Gleave , Michael Dennis , Cody Wild , Neel Kant , Sergey Levine , Stuart Russell

The application of artificial intelligence to simulate air-to-air combat scenarios is attracting increasing attention. To date the high-dimensional state and action spaces, the high complexity of situation information (such as imperfect and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-21 Ardian Selmonaj , Oleg Szehr , Giacomo Del Rio , Alessandro Antonucci , Adrian Schneider , Michael Rüegsegger

Reinforcement learning has attracted great attention recently, especially policy gradient algorithms, which have been demonstrated on challenging decision making and control tasks. In this paper, we propose an active multi-step TD algorithm…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-28 Gang Chen , Dingcheng Li , Ran Xu