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Code writing is repetitive and predictable, inspiring us to develop various code intelligence techniques. This survey focuses on code search, that is, to retrieve code that matches a given query by effectively capturing the semantic…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-12-14 Yutao Xie , Jiayi Lin , Hande Dong , Lei Zhang , Zhonghai Wu

Recent progress in large language models (LLMs) for code generation has raised serious concerns about intellectual property protection. Malicious users can exploit LLMs to produce paraphrased versions of proprietary code that closely…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Shinwoo Park , Hyundong Jin , Jeong-won Cha , Yo-Sub Han

Understanding the functional (dis)-similarity of source code is significant for code modeling tasks such as software vulnerability and code clone detection. We present DISCO(DIS-similarity of COde), a novel self-supervised model focusing on…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2022-03-22 Yangruibo Ding , Luca Buratti , Saurabh Pujar , Alessandro Morari , Baishakhi Ray , Saikat Chakraborty

One of the most significant challenges in the field of software code auditing is the presence of vulnerabilities in software source code. Every year, more and more software flaws are discovered, either internally in proprietary code or…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-06-16 Mst Shapna Akter , Hossain Shahriar , Juan Rodriguez Cardenas , Sheikh Iqbal Ahamed , Alfredo Cuzzocrea

Measuring and evaluating source code similarity is a fundamental software engineering activity that embraces a broad range of applications, including but not limited to code recommendation, duplicate code, plagiarism, malware, and smell…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-06-29 Morteza Zakeri-Nasrabadi , Saeed Parsa , Mohammad Ramezani , Chanchal Roy , Masoud Ekhtiarzadeh

Multimedia fingerprinting is a technique to protect the copyrighted contents against being illegally redistributed under various collusion attack models. Averaging attack is the most fair choice for each colluder to avoid detection, and…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Jing Jiang , Cailin Wen , Minquan Cheng

In the short block length regime, ensemble decoding schemes with their inherently parallel structure can improve error correction performance and reduce latency compared to stand-alone suboptimal decoders such as belief propagation (BP). In…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Jonathan Mandelbaum , Paul Bezner , Holger Jäkel , Stephan ten Brink , Laurent Schmalen

Repository-scale code reasoning is a cornerstone of modern AI-assisted software engineering, enabling Large Language Models (LLMs) to handle complex workflows from program comprehension to complex debugging. However, balancing accuracy with…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Zhonghang Li , Zongwei Li , Yuxuan Chen , Han Shi , Jiawei Li , Jierun Chen , Haoli Bai , Chao Huang

Test-time scaling has emerged as a promising approach for improving code generation by exploring large solution spaces at inference time. However, existing methods often rely on public test cases that are unavailable in practice, or require…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Yifeng He , Ethan Wang , Jicheng Wang , Xuanxin Ouyang , Hao Chen

Deep Learning (DL) frameworks play a critical role in advancing artificial intelligence, and their rapid growth underscores the need for a comprehensive understanding of software quality and maintainability. DL frameworks, like other…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-04-29 Maram Assi , Safwat Hassan , Ying Zou

Automated production systems (aPS) are highly customized systems that consist of hardware and software. Such aPS are controlled by a programmable logic controller (PLC), often in accordance with the IEC 61131-3 standard that divides system…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-08-24 Kamil Rosiak , Alexander Schlie , Lukas Linsbauer , Birgit Vogel-Heuser , Ina Schaefer

Code generation problems differ from common natural language problems - they require matching the exact syntax of the target language, identifying happy paths and edge cases, paying attention to numerous small details in the problem spec,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Tal Ridnik , Dedy Kredo , Itamar Friedman

The biological functions of proteins often depend on dynamic structural ensembles. In this work, we develop a flow-based generative modeling approach for learning and sampling the conformational landscapes of proteins. We repurpose highly…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2024-09-04 Bowen Jing , Bonnie Berger , Tommi Jaakkola

Type-4 clones refer to a pair of code snippets with similar semantics but written in different syntax, which challenges the existing code clone detection techniques. Previous studies, however, highly rely on syntactic structures and textual…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-06-29 Zhipeng Xue , Zhijie Jiang , Chenlin Huang , Rulin Xu , Xiangbing Huang , Liumin Hu

Software systems are evolving by adding new functions and modifying existing functions over time. Through the evolution, the structure of software is becoming more complex and so the understandability and maintainability of software systems…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2014-08-22 Ginika Mahajan , Ashima

Code clone detection is about finding out similar code fragments, which has drawn much attention in software engineering since it is important for software maintenance and evolution. Researchers have proposed many techniques and tools for…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-11-21 Junjie Shan , Shihan Dou , Yueming Wu , Hairu Wu , Yang Liu

Understanding code represents a core ability needed for automating software development tasks. While foundation models like LLMs show impressive results across many software engineering challenges, the extent of their true semantic…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-04-16 Serge Lionel Nikiema , Jordan Samhi , Abdoul Kader Kaboré , Jacques Klein , Tegawendé F. Bissyandé

CodeLLMs have demonstrated remarkable advancements in software engineering tasks. However, while these models can generate functionally correct code, they often produce code that is inefficient in terms of runtime. This inefficiency is…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Chengran Yang , Hong Jin Kang , Jieke Shi , David Lo

Agent skills are modular instruction packages that combine YAML metadata, natural language instructions, and embedded code, and they have reached 196K publicly available instances, yet no mechanism exists to detect clone relationships among…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Jiaying Zhu , Lyuye Zhang , Wenbo Guo , Yang Liu

Source code clones pose risks ranging from intellectual property violations to unintended vulnerabilities. Effective and efficient scalable clone detection, especially for diverged clones, remains challenging. Large language models (LLMs)…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Muslim Chochlov , Gul Aftab Ahmed , James Vincent Patten , Yuanhua Han , Guoxian Lu , David Gregg , Jim Buckley
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