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Causal classification models are adopted across a variety of operational business processes to predict the effect of a treatment on a categorical business outcome of interest depending on the process instance characteristics. This allows…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-06 Diego Olaya , Wouter Verbeke , Jente Van Belle , Marie-Anne Guerry

We study competitive dynamic pricing among multiple sellers, motivated by the rise of large-scale experimentation and algorithmic pricing in retail and online marketplaces. Sellers repeatedly set prices using simple learning rules and…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Bar Light , Wenyu Wang

This study considers various semiparametric difference-in-differences models under different assumptions on the relation between the treatment group identifier, time and covariates for cross-sectional and panel data. The variance lower…

Econometrics · Economics 2020-08-17 Michael Zimmert

After years of speculation, price discrimination in e-commerce driven by the personal information that users leave (involuntarily) online, has started attracting the attention of privacy researchers, regulators, and the press. In our…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2013-07-18 Jakub Mikians , László Gyarmati , Vijay Erramilli , Nikolaos Laoutaris

Bilevel programs (BPs) find a wide range of applications in fields such as energy, transportation, and machine learning. As compared to BPs with continuous (linear/convex) optimization problems in both levels, the BPs with discrete decision…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-07-25 Bo Zhou , Ruiwei Jiang , Siqian Shen

For premium consumer products, pricing strategy is not about a single number, but about understanding the perceived monetary value of the features that justify a higher cost. This paper proposes a robust methodology to deconstruct a…

Applications · Statistics 2026-03-20 Srijesh Pillai , Rajesh Kumar Chandrawat

Causal effect estimation often succeeds cost-constrained sequential data collection. This work considers multivariate linear front-door models with arbitrary unobserved confounding on treatment and response. We optimize the experimental…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-24 Leopold Mareis , Mathias Drton

We consider a high-dimensional dynamic pricing problem under non-stationarity, where a firm sells products to $T$ sequentially arriving consumers that behave according to an unknown demand model with potential changes at unknown times. The…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-03-21 Zifeng Zhao , Feiyu Jiang , Yi Yu , Xi Chen

In many settings -- like market research and social choice -- people may be presented with unfamiliar options. Classical mechanisms may perform poorly because they fail to incentivize people to learn about these options, or worse, encourage…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2025-07-22 Modibo K. Camara , Nicole Immorlica , Brendan Lucier

We introduce a causal aware foundation-model framework for real time optimal decision making in discrete choice environments. We propose a constrained triple-head price optimization (C3PO) network to solve a bilevel decision problem in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Shivaram Subramanian , Zhengliang Xue , Markus Ettl , Yingdong Lu , Jayant Kalagnanam

Uncertainty quantification is a critical aspect of machine learning models, providing important insights into the reliability of predictions and aiding the decision-making process in real-world applications. This paper proposes a novel way…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-02 Yusuf Sale , Paul Hofman , Lisa Wimmer , Eyke Hüllermeier , Thomas Nagler

The growing availability of observational databases like electronic health records (EHR) provides unprecedented opportunities for secondary use of such data in biomedical research. However, these data can be error-prone and need to be…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-05-28 Sarah C. Lotspeich , Gustavo G. C. Amorim , Pamela A. Shaw , Ran Tao , Bryan E. Shepherd

We study how delegating pricing to large language models (LLMs) can facilitate collusion in a duopoly when both sellers rely on the same pre-trained model. The LLM is characterized by (i) a propensity parameter capturing its internal bias…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2026-03-24 Shengyu Cao , Ming Hu

Conjoint analysis is a popular experimental design used to measure multidimensional preferences. Researchers examine how varying a factor of interest, while controlling for other relevant factors, influences decision-making. Currently,…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-11-20 Dae Woong Ham , Kosuke Imai , Lucas Janson

In non-network settings, encouragement designs have been widely used to analyze causal effects of a treatment, policy, or intervention on an outcome of interest when randomizing the treatment was considered impractical or when compliance to…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-09-16 Hyunseung Kang , Guido Imbens

Dynamic pricing in high-dimensional markets poses fundamental challenges of scalability, uncertainty, and interpretability. Existing low-rank bandit formulations learn efficiently but rely on latent features that obscure how individual…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Srividhya Sethuraman , Chandrashekar Lakshminarayanan

As Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in applications such as travel assistance and purchasing support, they are often required to make subjective choices on behalf of users in settings where no objectively correct…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Manon Reusens , Sofie Goethals , Toon Calders , David Martens

Binary discrimination between well-defined signal and background datasets is a problem of fundamental importance in particle physics. With detailed event simulation and the advent of extensive deep learning tools, identification of the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-02-06 Andrew J. Larkoski

This paper proposes a method for estimating consumer preferences among discrete choices, where the consumer chooses at most one product in a category, but selects from multiple categories in parallel. The consumer's utility is additive in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-08 Rob Donnelly , Francisco R. Ruiz , David Blei , Susan Athey

Recent advances in causal inference have seen the development of methods which make use of the predictive power of machine learning algorithms. In this paper, we develop novel double machine learning (DML) procedures for panel data in which…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-01-03 Paul S. Clarke , Annalivia Polselli