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Low-rank adaptation (LoRA) has emerged as a leading parameter-efficient fine-tuning technique for adapting large foundation models, yet it often locks adapters into suboptimal minima near their initialization. This hampers model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Zhan Zhuang , Xiequn Wang , Wei Li , Yulong Zhang , Qiushi Huang , Shuhao Chen , Xuehao Wang , Yanbin Wei , Yuhe Nie , Kede Ma , Yu Zhang , Ying Wei

Prompt learning is a crucial technique for adapting pre-trained multimodal language models (MLLMs) to user tasks. Federated prompt personalization (FPP) is further developed to address data heterogeneity and local overfitting, however, it…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Sizai Hou , Songze Li , Baturalp Buyukates

Federated learning (FL) has emerged as a collaborative approach that allows multiple clients to jointly learn a machine learning model without sharing their private data. The concern about privacy leakage, albeit demonstrated under specific…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Hanlin Gu , Jiahuan Luo , Yan Kang , Yuan Yao , Gongxi Zhu , Bowen Li , Lixin Fan , Qiang Yang

By adapting Large Language Models (LLMs) to domain-specific tasks or enriching them with domain-specific knowledge, we can fully harness the capabilities of LLMs. Nonetheless, a gap persists in achieving simultaneous mutual enhancement…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Tao Fan , Yan Kang , Guoqiang Ma , Lixin Fan , Shuoling Liu , Kai Chen , Qiang Yang

Federated Learning (FL) solutions with central Differential Privacy (DP) have seen large improvements in their utility in recent years arising from the matrix mechanism, while FL solutions with distributed (more private) DP have lagged…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Alexander Bienstock , Ujjwal Kumar , Antigoni Polychroniadou

Federated learning (FL) addresses privacy and data-silo issues in the training of large language models (LLMs). Most prior work focuses on improving the efficiency of federated learning for LLMs (FedLLM). However, security in open federated…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Mingxiang Tao , Yu Tian , Wenxuan Tu , Yue Yang , Xue Yang , Xiangyan Tang

Low-rank adaptation (LoRA) has emerged as the de facto standard for parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) of foundation models, enabling the adaptation of billion-parameter networks with minimal computational and memory overhead. Despite…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Bingcong Li , Yilang Zhang , Georgios B. Giannakis

With the emerging trend in generative models and convenient public access to diffusion models pre-trained on large datasets, users can fine-tune these models to generate images of personal faces or items in new contexts described by natural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-16 Dixi Yao

Large pre-trained models, such as large language models (LLMs), present significant resource challenges for fine-tuning due to their extensive parameter sizes, especially for applications in mobile systems. To address this, Low-Rank…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Yuzhu Mao , Siqi Ping , Zihao Zhao , Yang Liu , Wenbo Ding

This paper addresses the critical challenges of communication overhead, data heterogeneity, and privacy in deep learning for channel state information (CSI) feedback in massive MIMO systems. To this end, we propose Fed-PELAD, a novel…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Yixiang Zhou , Tong Wu , Meixia Tao , Jianhua Mo

Modern distributed systems generate massive volumes of log data that are critical for detecting anomalies and cyber threats. However, in real world settings, these logs are often distributed across multiple organizations and cannot be…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Isaiah Thompson , Tanmay Sen , Ritwik Bhattacharya

To defend against privacy leakage of user data, differential privacy is widely used in federated learning, but it is not free. The addition of noise randomly disrupts the semantic integrity of the model and this disturbance accumulates with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Yuecheng Li , Lele Fu , Tong Wang , Jian Lou , Bin Chen , Lei Yang , Jian Shen , Zibin Zheng , Chuan Chen

Fine-tuning large language models requires high computational and memory resources, and is therefore associated with significant costs. When training on federated datasets, an increased communication effort is also needed. For this reason,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Evelyn Trautmann , Ian Hales , Martin F. Volk

Local differential privacy (LDP) is a recently proposed privacy standard for collecting and analyzing data, which has been used, e.g., in the Chrome browser, iOS and macOS. In LDP, each user perturbs her information locally, and only sends…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-07-02 Ning Wang , Xiaokui Xiao , Yin Yang , Jun Zhao , Siu Cheung Hui , Hyejin Shin , Junbum Shin , Ge Yu

We study model personalization under user-level differential privacy (DP) in the shared representation framework. In this problem, there are $n$ users whose data is statistically heterogeneous, and their optimal parameters share an unknown…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Conor Snedeker , Xinyu Zhou , Raef Bassily

The integration of Differential Privacy (DP) with diffusion models (DMs) presents a promising yet challenging frontier, particularly due to the substantial memorization capabilities of DMs that pose significant privacy risks. Differential…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Yu-Lin Tsai , Yizhe Li , Zekai Chen , Po-Yu Chen , Chia-Mu Yu , Xuebin Ren , Francois Buet-Golfouse

Low-rank adaptation (LoRA) offers an efficient alternative to full-weight adaptation in federated fine-tuning of language models, significantly reducing computational costs. By adjusting ranks for each client, federated LoRA enables…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Yuji Byun , Jaeho Lee

Federated Learning (FL) has become a key method for preserving data privacy in Internet of Things (IoT) environments, as it trains Machine Learning (ML) models locally while transmitting only model updates. Despite this design, FL remains…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Fardin Jalil Piran , Zhiling Chen , Mohsen Imani , Farhad Imani

Background: Federated learning methods offer the possibility of training machine learning models on privacy-sensitive data sets, which cannot be easily shared. Multiple regulations pose strict requirements on the storage and usage of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-09 Aron N. Horvath , Matteo Berchier , Farhad Nooralahzadeh , Ahmed Allam , Michael Krauthammer

Although Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown promise for human-like conversations, they are primarily pre-trained on text data. Incorporating audio or video improves performance, but collecting large-scale multimodal data and…