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Task-oriented dialogue (TOD) models have made significant progress in recent years. However, previous studies primarily focus on datasets written by annotators, which has resulted in a gap between academic research and real-world spoken…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Shuzheng Si , Wentao Ma , Haoyu Gao , Yuchuan Wu , Ting-En Lin , Yinpei Dai , Hangyu Li , Rui Yan , Fei Huang , Yongbin Li

Recent works have shown considerable improvements in task-oriented dialogue (TOD) systems by utilizing pretrained large language models (LLMs) in an end-to-end manner. However, the biased behavior of each component in a TOD system and the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-15 Hsuan Su , Rebecca Qian , Chinnadhurai Sankar , Shahin Shayandeh , Shang-Tse Chen , Hung-yi Lee , Daniel M. Bikel

Task-oriented Dialogue (TOD) Systems aim to build dialogue systems that assist users in accomplishing specific goals, such as booking a hotel or a restaurant. Traditional TODs rely on domain-specific APIs/DBs or external factual knowledge…

The underlying difference of linguistic patterns between general text and task-oriented dialogue makes existing pre-trained language models less useful in practice. In this work, we unify nine human-human and multi-turn task-oriented…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-02 Chien-Sheng Wu , Steven Hoi , Richard Socher , Caiming Xiong

Building Task-Oriented Dialogue (TOD) systems that generalize across different tasks remains a challenging problem. Data-driven approaches often struggle to transfer effectively to unseen tasks. While recent schema-based TOD frameworks…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Radin Shayanfar , Chu Fei Luo , Rohan Bhambhoria , Samuel Dahan , Xiaodan Zhu

Existing studies in conversational AI mostly treat task-oriented dialog (TOD) and question answering (QA) as separate tasks. Towards the goal of constructing a conversational agent that can complete user tasks and support information…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-28 Miaoran Li , Baolin Peng , Jianfeng Gao , Zhu Zhang

For task-oriented dialog systems to be maximally useful, it must be able to process conversations in a way that is (1) generalizable with a small number of training examples for new task domains, and (2) robust to user input in various…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-01 Baolin Peng , Chunyuan Li , Zhu Zhang , Chenguang Zhu , Jinchao Li , Jianfeng Gao

Task-Oriented Dialogue (TOD) systems are designed to fulfill user requests through natural language interactions, yet existing systems often produce generic, monotonic responses that lack individuality and fail to adapt to users' personal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-25 Jihyun Lee , Yejin Jeon , Seungyeon Seo , Gary Geunbae Lee

Edge computing enables real-time data processing closer to its source, thus improving the latency and performance of edge-enabled AI applications. However, traditional AI models often fall short when dealing with complex, dynamic tasks that…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Haoxiang Luo , Yinqiu Liu , Ruichen Zhang , Jiacheng Wang , Gang Sun , Dusit Niyato , Hongfang Yu , Zehui Xiong , Xianbin Wang , Xuemin Shen

Large Pre-Trained Language Models have demonstrated state-of-the-art performance in different downstream tasks, including dialogue state tracking and end-to-end response generation. Nevertheless, most of the publicly available datasets and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-05 Seyed Mahed Mousavi , Gabriel Roccabruna , Simone Alghisi , Massimo Rizzoli , Mirco Ravanelli , Giuseppe Riccardi

Teaching machines to accomplish tasks by conversing naturally with humans is challenging. Currently, developing task-oriented dialogue systems requires creating multiple components and typically this involves either a large amount of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-04-25 Tsung-Hsien Wen , David Vandyke , Nikola Mrksic , Milica Gasic , Lina M. Rojas-Barahona , Pei-Hao Su , Stefan Ultes , Steve Young

In this work, we propose a novel framework that integrates large language models (LLMs) with an RL-based dialogue manager for open-ended dialogue with a specific goal. By leveraging hierarchical reinforcement learning to model the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Lucie Galland , Catherine Pelachaud , Florian Pecune

Large language models (LLMs) gained immense popularity due to their impressive capabilities in unstructured conversations. Empowering LLMs with advanced prompting strategies such as reasoning and acting (ReAct) (Yao et al., 2022) has shown…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Michelle Elizabeth , Morgan Veyret , Miguel Couceiro , Ondrej Dusek , Lina M. Rojas-Barahona

Robust task-oriented spoken dialogue agents require exposure to the full diversity of how people interact through speech. Building spoken user simulators that address this requires large-scale spoken task-oriented dialogue (TOD) data…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Jonggeun Lee , Junseong Pyo , Jeongmin Park , Yohan Jo

Learning an efficient manager of dialogue agent from data with little manual intervention is important, especially for goal-oriented dialogues. However, existing methods either take too many manual efforts (e.g. reinforcement learning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-08-16 Zhuoxuan Jiang , Xian-Ling Mao , Ziming Huang , Jie Ma , Shaochun Li

Recently, two approaches, fine-tuning large pre-trained language models and variational training, have attracted significant interests, separately, for semi-supervised end-to-end task-oriented dialog (TOD) systems. In this paper, we propose…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-01-30 Hong Liu , Yucheng Cai , Zhenru Lin , Zhijian Ou , Yi Huang , Junlan Feng

Task-oriented dialogue (TOD) systems have been widely deployed in many industries as they deliver more efficient customer support. These systems are typically constructed for a single domain or language and do not generalise well beyond…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Nikita Moghe , Evgeniia Razumovskaia , Liane Guillou , Ivan Vulić , Anna Korhonen , Alexandra Birch

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have been reshaping Natural Language Processing (NLP) task in several domains. Their use in the field of Human Resources (HR) has still room for expansions and could be beneficial for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-05 Weijie Xu , Zicheng Huang , Wenxiang Hu , Xi Fang , Rajesh Kumar Cherukuri , Naumaan Nayyar , Lorenzo Malandri , Srinivasan H. Sengamedu

In 2012, the United Nations introduced 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) aimed at creating a more sustainable and improved future by 2030. However, tracking progress toward these goals is difficult because of the extensive scale and…

Recently, reinforcement learning (RL) has been applied to task-oriented dialogue systems by using latent actions to solve shortcomings of supervised learning (SL). In this paper, we propose a multi-domain task-oriented dialogue system,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-07-08 Hyunmin Jeon , Gary Geunbae Lee