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Large language models increasingly operate as autonomous agents that select and invoke tools from large registries. We identify a critical gap: when unauthorized tools are visible in an agent's context, models select them in adversarial…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Rohith Uppala

Passive fatigue during conditional automated driving can compromise driver readiness and safety. This paper presents findings from a test-track study with 40 participants in a real-world automated driving scenario. In this scenario, a Large…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Lewis Cockram , Yueteng Yu , Jorge Pardo , Xiaomeng Li , Andry Rakotonirainy , Jonny Kuo , Sebastien Demmel , Mike Lenné , Ronald Schroeter

We present a framework for analysing agent incentives using causal influence diagrams. We establish that a well-known criterion for value of information is complete. We propose a new graphical criterion for value of control, establishing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-03-17 Tom Everitt , Ryan Carey , Eric Langlois , Pedro A Ortega , Shane Legg

Autonomous agents driven by Large Language Models (LLMs) offer enormous potential for automation. Early proof of this technology can be found in various demonstrations of agents solving complex tasks, interacting with external systems to…

Large language model (LLM)-based multi-agent systems have demonstrated impressive capabilities in handling complex tasks. However, the complexity of agentic behaviors makes these systems difficult to understand. When failures occur,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Rui Sheng , Yukun Yang , Chuhan Shi , Yanna Lin , Zixin Chen , Huamin Qu , Furui Cheng

Incident response plays a pivotal role in mitigating the impact of cyber attacks. In recent years, the intensity and complexity of global cyber threats have grown significantly, making it increasingly challenging for traditional threat…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Xihuan Lin , Jie Zhang , Gelei Deng , Tianzhe Liu , Tianwei Zhang , Qing Guo , Riqing Chen

The acquisition of agentic capabilities has transformed LLMs from "knowledge providers" to "action executors", a trend that while expanding LLMs' capability boundaries, significantly increases their susceptibility to malicious use. Previous…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Jinchuan Zhang , Lu Yin , Yan Zhou , Songlin Hu

Since ancient times, mechanical design aids have been developed to assist human users, aimed at improving the efficiency and effectiveness of design. However, even with the widespread use of contemporary Computer-Aided Design (CAD) systems,…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Jiaxing Lu , Heran Li , Fangwei Ning , Yixuan Wang , Xinze Li , Yan Shi

The growing complexity of power systems has made accurate load forecasting more important than ever. An increasing number of advanced load forecasting methods have been developed. However, the static design of current methods offers no…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Yu Zuo , Dalin Qin , Yi Wang

The emergence of autonomous Large Language Model (LLM) agents capable of tool usage has introduced new safety risks that go beyond traditional conversational misuse. These agents, empowered to execute external functions, are vulnerable to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-14 Zeyang Sha , Hanling Tian , Zhuoer Xu , Shiwen Cui , Changhua Meng , Weiqiang Wang

Effective traffic incident management is essential for ensuring safety, minimizing congestion, and reducing response times in emergency situations. Traditional highway incident management relies heavily on radio room operators, who must…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Matteo Cercola , Nicola Gatti , Pedro Huertas Leyva , Benedetto Carambia , Simone Formentin

Policymakers must often act under conditions of deep uncertainty, such as emergency response, where predicting the specific impacts of a policy apriori is implausible. Large Language Model (LLM) agent simulations have been proposed as tools…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Yuxuan Li , Sauvik Das , Hirokazu Shirado

Recent advances in Transformer-based large language models (LLMs) have led to significant performance improvements across many tasks. These gains come with a drastic increase in the models' size, potentially leading to slow and costly use…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-26 Tal Schuster , Adam Fisch , Jai Gupta , Mostafa Dehghani , Dara Bahri , Vinh Q. Tran , Yi Tay , Donald Metzler

From autonomous driving to package delivery, ensuring safe yet efficient multi-agent interaction is challenging as the interaction dynamics are influenced by hard-to-model factors such as social norms and contextual cues. Understanding…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-11 Isaac Remy , David Fridovich-Keil , Karen Leung

Large Language Model (LLM)-based agents are widely used in real-world applications such as customer service, web navigation, and software engineering. As these systems become more autonomous and are deployed at scale, understanding why an…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Chen Qian , Peng Wang , Dongrui Liu , Junyao Yang , Dadi Guo , Ling Tang , Jilin Mei , Qihan Ren , Shuai Shao , Yong Liu , Jie Fu , Jing Shao , Xia Hu

Large Language Models (LLMs) show growing promise in autonomous driving by reasoning over complex traffic scenarios to generate path plans. However, their tendencies toward overconfidence, and hallucinations raise critical safety concerns.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Achref Doula , Max Mühlhäuser , Alejandro Sanchez Guinea

Large language model (LLM)-based agents combine LLMs with external tools to automate tasks such as scheduling meetings, managing documents, or booking travel. While these integrations unlock powerful capabilities, they also create new and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Jonathan Evertz , Merlin Chlosta , Lea Schönherr , Thorsten Eisenhofer

This paper presents an innovative large language model (LLM) agent framework for enhancing diagnostic accuracy in simulated clinical environments using the AgentClinic benchmark. The proposed automatic correction enables doctor agents to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Abhishek Dutta , Yen-Che Hsiao

Chain-of-Thought (CoT) prompting has emerged as a pivotal technique for augmenting the inferential capabilities of language models during reasoning tasks. Despite its advancements, CoT often grapples with challenges in validating reasoning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-09 Hanmeng Liu , Zhiyang Teng , Chaoli Zhang , Yue Zhang

One of the several obstacles in the widespread use of AI systems is the lack of requirements of interpretability that can enable a layperson to ensure the safe and reliable behavior of such systems. We extend the analysis of an agent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-08-24 Pulkit Verma , Siddharth Srivastava