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Large language model (LLM)-based agents are increasingly used to perform complex, multi-step workflows in regulated settings such as compliance and due diligence. However, many agentic architectures rely primarily on prompt engineering of a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Ananya Joshi , Michael Rudow

As Large Language Model (LLM) agents increasingly operate in complex environments with real-world consequences, their safety becomes critical. While uncertainty quantification is well-studied for single-turn tasks, multi-turn agentic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Vamshi Krishna Bonagiri , Ponnurangam Kumaragurum , Khanh Nguyen , Benjamin Plaut

Large Language Models (LLMs) have been used in cybersecurity such as autonomous security analysis or penetration testing. Capture the Flag (CTF) challenges serve as benchmarks to assess automated task-planning abilities of LLM agents for…

Agentic systems have transformed how Large Language Models (LLMs) can be leveraged to create autonomous systems with goal-directed behaviors, consisting of multi-step planning and the ability to interact with different environments. These…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Judy Zhu , Dhari Gandhi , Himanshu Joshi , Ahmad Rezaie Mianroodi , Sedef Akinli Kocak , Dhanesh Ramachandran

Understanding how humans collaborate and communicate in teams is essential for improving human-agent teaming and AI-assisted decision-making. However, relying solely on data from large-scale user studies is impractical due to logistical,…

Generative AI, including large language models (LLMs) have the potential -- and already are being used -- to increase the speed, scale, and types of unsafe conversations online. LLMs lower the barrier for entry for bad actors to create…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Owen Hoffman , Kangze Peng , Zehua You , Sajid Kamal , Sukrit Venkatagiri

Security analysts are overwhelmed by the volume of alerts and the low context provided by many detection systems. Early-stage investigations typically require manual correlation across multiple log sources, a task that is usually…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Even Eilertsen , Vasileios Mavroeidis , Gudmund Grov

AI agents are assuming active roles in Continuous Integration and Continuous Deployment (CI/CD) workflows, yet the research community lacks a shared vocabulary for describing what it means for CI/CD to be agentic, how much decision…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Marcus Emmanuel Barnes , Taher A. Ghaleb , Safwat Hassan

Agentic AI systems powered by large language models (LLMs) and endowed with planning, tool use, memory, and autonomy, are emerging as powerful, flexible platforms for automation. Their ability to autonomously execute tasks across web,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Anshuman Chhabra , Shrestha Datta , Shahriar Kabir Nahin , Prasant Mohapatra

We propose MADS (Multi-Agent Dialogue Simulation), a scalable framework for generating persuasive multi-turn dialogues via agent self-play. MADS employs three coordinated agents: User Agents designed to simulate diverse persona-driven…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Mingjin Li , Yu Liu , Huayi Liu , Xiang Ye , Chao Jiang , Hongguang Zhang , Yu Ruan

We propose a method that enables large language models (LLMs) to control embodied agents through the generation of control policies that directly map continuous observation vectors to continuous action vectors. At the outset, the LLMs…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Jônata Tyska Carvalho , Stefano Nolfi

Computer-Aided Design (CAD) is widely used for conceptual design and parametric 3D modeling, but typically requires a high level of expertise from designers. To lower the entry barrier and facilitate early-stage CAD modeling, we present…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Fengxiao Fan , Jingzhe Ni , Xiaolong Yin , Sirui Wang , Xingyu Lu , Qiang Zou , Ruofeng Tong , Min Tang , Peng Du

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in various reasoning and generation tasks. However, their proficiency in complex causal reasoning, discovery, and estimation remains an area of active development, often…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Adib Bazgir , Amir Habibdoust , Yuwen Zhang , Xing Song

Estimating individualized treatment effects from observational data presents a persistent challenge due to unmeasured confounding and structural bias. Causal Machine Learning (causal ML) methods, such as causal trees and doubly robust…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Po-Han Lee , Yu-Cheng Lin , Chan-Tung Ku , Chan Hsu , Pei-Cing Huang , Ping-Hsun Wu , Yihuang Kang

Large Language Model (LLM) Agents are an emerging computing paradigm that blends generative machine learning with tools such as code interpreters, web browsing, email, and more generally, external resources. These agent-based systems…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-23 Xiaohan Fu , Shuheng Li , Zihan Wang , Yihao Liu , Rajesh K. Gupta , Taylor Berg-Kirkpatrick , Earlence Fernandes

In safety-critical applications, autonomous agents may need to learn in an environment where mistakes can be very costly. In such settings, the agent needs to behave safely not only after but also while learning. To achieve this, existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-22 Matteo Turchetta , Andrey Kolobov , Shital Shah , Andreas Krause , Alekh Agarwal

Clinical decision-making is inherently complex and fast-paced, particularly in emergency departments (EDs) where critical, rapid and high-stakes decisions are made. Clinical Decision Rules (CDRs) are standardized evidence-based tools that…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as powerful tools for accelerating scientific discovery, yet their static knowledge and hallucination issues hinder autonomous research applications. Recent advances integrate LLMs into agentic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Zeyu Xia , Jinzhe Ma , Congjie Zheng , Shufei Zhang , Yuqiang Li , Hang Su , P. Hu , Changshui Zhang , Xingao Gong , Wanli Ouyang , Lei Bai , Dongzhan Zhou , Mao Su

In-context learning (ICL) with dynamically selected demonstrations combines the flexibility of prompting large language models (LLMs) with the ability to leverage training data to improve performance. While ICL has been highly successful…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Shivanshu Gupta , Sameer Singh , Ashish Sabharwal , Tushar Khot , Ben Bogin

The rapid progress of large language models (LLMs) has opened new opportunities for education. While learners can interact with academic papers through LLM-powered dialogue, limitations still exist: the lack of structured organization and…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Yuheng Yang , Wenjia Jiang , Yang Wang , Yi Song , Yiwei Wang , Chi Zhang