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We show that planar embeddable 3-connected CAD graphs are generically non-soluble. A CAD graph represents a configuration of points on the Euclidean plane with just enough distance dimensions between them to ensure rigidity. Formally, a CAD…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 John C. Owen , Stephen C. Power

Tanigawa (2016) showed that vertex-redundant rigidity of a graph implies its global rigidity in arbitrary dimension. We extend this result to periodic graphs under fixed lattice representations. A periodic graph is vertex-redundantly rigid…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2018-04-24 Viktoria E. Kaszanitzky , Csaba Kiraly , Bernd Schulze

A graph is called $d$-rigid if there exists a generic embedding of its vertex set into $\mathbb{R}^d$ such that every continuous motion of the vertices that preserves the lengths of all edges actually preserves the distances between all…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-12-13 Michael Krivelevich , Alan Lew , Peleg Michaeli

We show that a generic framework $(G,p)$ on the cylinder is globally rigid if and only if $G$ is a complete graph on at most four vertices or $G$ is both redundantly rigid and $2$-connected. To prove the theorem we also derive a new…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-10-16 Bill Jackson , Anthony Nixon

By definition, a rigid graph in $\mathbb{R}^d$ (or on a sphere) has a finite number of embeddings up to rigid motions for a given set of edge length constraints. These embeddings are related to the real solutions of an algebraic system.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-10-26 Evangelos Bartzos , Ioannis Z. Emiris , Raimundas Vidunas

We examine the generic local and global rigidity of various graphs in R^d. Bruce Hendrickson showed that some necessary conditions for generic global rigidity are (d+1)-connectedness and generic redundant rigidity and hypothesized that they…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2015-03-13 Samuel Frank , Jiayang Jiang

The $d$-dimensional algebraic connectivity $a_d(G)$ of a graph $G=(V,E)$, introduced by Jord\'an and Tanigawa, is a quantitative measure of the $d$-dimensional rigidity of $G$ that is defined in terms of the eigenvalues of stiffness…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-05-12 Alan Lew , Eran Nevo , Yuval Peled , Orit E. Raz

A simple graph G=(V,E) is 3-rigid if its generic bar-joint frameworks in R3 are infinitesimally rigid. Block and hole graphs are derived from triangulated spheres by the removal of edges and the addition of minimally rigid subgraphs, known…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-07-10 James Cruickshank , Derek Kitson , Stephen Power

The combinatorial characterization of generic rigidity for bar-joint frameworks in dimensions $d \ge 3$ has been a long-standing open problem in discrete geometry. While the two-dimensional case was resolved in 1927 by Pollaczek-Geiringer…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-04-21 Alexander Heaton

We define the notion of affine rigidity of a hypergraph and prove a variety of fundamental results for this notion. First, we show that affine rigidity can be determined by the rank of a specific matrix which implies that affine rigidity is…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2013-08-14 Steven J. Gortler , Craig Gotsman , Ligang Liu , Dylan P. Thurston

Let ${\rm ind}(G)$ be the number of independent sets in a graph $G$. We show that if $G$ has maximum degree at most $5$ then $$ {\rm ind}(G) \leq 2^{{\rm iso}(G)} \prod_{uv \in E(G)} {\rm ind}(K_{d(u),d(v)})^{\frac{1}{d(u)d(v)}} $$ (where…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-10-26 David Galvin , Yufei Zhao

We consider the global rigidity problem for bar-joint frameworks where each vertex is constrained to lie on a particular line in $\mathbb R^d$. In our setting we allow multiple vertices to be constrained to the same line. Under a mild…

As an extension of a classical tree-partition problem, we consider decompositions of graphs into edge-disjoint (rooted-)trees with an additional matroid constraint. Specifically, suppose we are given a graph $G=(V,E)$, a multiset…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-09-06 Naoki Katoh , Shin-ichi Tanigawa

We consider three matroids defined by Kalai in 1985: the symmetric completion matroid $\mathcal{S}_d$ on the edge set of a looped complete graph; the hyperconnectivity matroid $\mathcal{H}_d$ on the edge set of a complete graph; and the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-03-17 Dániel Garamvölgyi , Bill Jackson , Tibor Jordán , Soma Villányi

The $d$-dimensional algebraic connectivity $a_d(G)$ of a graph $G=(V,E)$ is a quantitative measure of its $d$-dimensional rigidity, defined in terms of the eigenvalues of stiffness matrices associated with different embeddings of the graph…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-04-03 Yunseong Jung , Alan Lew

A simple graph is $3$-rigid if its generic bar-joint frameworks in $R^3$ are infinitesimally rigid. Necessary and sufficient conditions are obtained for the minimal $3$-rigidity of a simple graph which is obtained from the $1$-skeleton of a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-09-03 James Cruickshank , Derek Kitson , Stephen Power

A graph $G=(V,E)$ is $d$-sparse if each subset $X\subseteq V$ with $|X|\geq d$ induces at most $d|X|-{{d+1}\choose{2}}$ edges in $G$. Maxwell showed in 1864 that a necessary condition for a generic bar-and-joint framework with at least…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-12-09 Bill Jackson , Hakan Guler

Let $G$ be a graph on $n$ nodes. In this note, we prove that if $G$ is $(r+1)$-vertex connected, $1 \leq r \leq n-2$, then there exists a configuration $p$ in general position in $R^r$ such that the bar framework $(G,p)$ is universally…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2014-08-18 A. Y. Alfakih

A rigidity theory is developed for the Euclidean and non-Euclidean placements of countably infinite simple graphs in R^d with respect to the classical l^p norms, for d>1 and 1<p<\infty. Generalisations are obtained for the Laman and…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2013-10-08 D. Kitson , S. C. Power

Graph rigidity, the study of vertex realizations in $\mathbb{R}^d$ and the motions that preserve the induced edge lengths, has been the focus of extensive research for decades. Its equivalency to graph connectivity for $d=1$ is well known;…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-12-22 Juan F. Presenza , Ignacio Mas , Juan I. Giribet , J. Ignacio Alvarez-Hamelin