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Synthesizing missing modalities in multi-modal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is vital for ensuring diagnostic completeness, particularly when full acquisitions are infeasible due to time constraints, motion artifacts, and patient…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Yue Zhang , Zhizheng Zhuo , Siyao Xu , Shan Lv , Zhaoxi Liu , Jun Qiu , Qiuli Wang , Yaou Liu , S. Kevin Zhou

Multi-modal MRIs are widely used in neuroimaging applications since different MR sequences provide complementary information about brain structures. Recent works have suggested that multi-modal deep learning analysis can benefit from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-14 Jiahong Ouyang , Ehsan Adeli , Kilian M. Pohl , Qingyu Zhao , Greg Zaharchuk

Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI) is a powerful tool for investigating the relationship between brain function and cognitive processes as it allows for the functional organization of the brain to be captured…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Bishal Thapaliya , Esra Akbas , Jiayu Chen , Raam Sapkota , Bhaskar Ray , Pranav Suresh , Vince Calhoun , Jingyu Liu

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is indispensable in clinical practice but remains constrained by fragmented, multi-stage workflows encompassing acquisition, reconstruction, segmentation, detection, diagnosis, and reporting. While deep…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Xingxin He , Aurora Rofena , Ruimin Feng , Haozhe Liao , Zhaoye Zhou , Albert Jang , Fang Liu

Electroencephalography provides a non-invasive window into brain activity, offering valuable insights for neurological research, brain-computer interfaces, and clinical diagnostics. However, the development of robust machine learning models…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-02-26 Chi-Sheng Chen , Ying-Jung Chen , Aidan Hung-Wen Tsai

Aggregating multi-site brain MRI data can enhance deep learning model training, but also introduces non-biological heterogeneity caused by site-specific variations (e.g., differences in scanner vendors, acquisition parameters, and imaging…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Mengqi Wu , Yongheng Sun , Qianqian Wang , Pew-Thian Yap , Mingxia Liu

Brain decoding techniques are essential for understanding the neurocognitive system. Although numerous methods have been introduced in this field, accurately aligning complex external stimuli with brain activities remains a formidable…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2024-07-16 Heng Huang , Lin Zhao , Zihao Wu , Xiaowei Yu , Jing Zhang , Xintao Hu , Dajiang Zhu , Tianming Liu

Objective: Surface electromyography (EMG) is a non-invasive sensing modality widely used in biomechanics, rehabilitation, prosthetic control, and human-machine interfaces. Despite decades of use, achieving robust generalization across…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-16 Matteo Fasulo , Giusy Spacone , Thorir Mar Ingolfsson , Yawei Li , Luca Benini , Andrea Cossettini

With the growing interest in foundation models for brain signals, graph-based pretraining has emerged as a promising paradigm for learning transferable representations from connectome data. However, existing contrastive and masked…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Xinxu Wei , Rong Zhou , Lifang He , Yu Zhang

Neuropathic pain, affecting up to 10% of adults, remains difficult to treat due to limited therapeutic efficacy and tolerability. Although resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) is a promising non-invasive measurement of brain biomarkers to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Wenrui Fan , L. M. Riza Rizky , Jiayang Zhang , Chen Chen , Haiping Lu , Kevin Teh , Dinesh Selvarajah , Shuo Zhou

An unprecedented amount of existing functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) data provides a new opportunity to understand the relationship between functional fluctuation and human cognition/behavior using a data-driven approach. To…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-18 Jiaqi Ding , Tingting Dan , Ziquan Wei , Hyuna Cho , Paul J. Laurienti , Won Hwa Kim , Guorong Wu

Distal myopathy represents a genetically heterogeneous group of skeletal muscle disorders with broad clinical manifestations, posing diagnostic challenges in radiology. To address this, we propose a novel multimodal attention-aware fusion…

The construction of brain graphs from functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) data plays a crucial role in enabling graph machine learning for neuroimaging. However, current practices often rely on rigid pipelines that overlook…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Qinwen Ge , Roza G. Bayrak , Anwar Said , Catie Chang , Xenofon Koutsoukos , Tyler Derr

The problem of linking functional connectomics to behavior is extremely challenging due to the complex interactions between the two distinct, but related, data domains. We propose a coupled manifold optimization framework which projects…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-07 Niharika Shimona D'Souza , Mary Beth Nebel , Nicholas Wymbs , Stewart Mostofsky , Archana Venkataraman

Recent learning-based approaches have made astonishing advances in calibrated medical imaging like computerized tomography (CT), yet they struggle to generalize in uncalibrated modalities -- notably magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, where…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Peirong Liu , Oula Puonti , Xiaoling Hu , Karthik Gopinath , Annabel Sorby-Adams , Daniel C. Alexander , W. Taylor Kimberly , Juan E. Iglesias

Brain connectivity analysis is crucial for understanding brain structure and neurological function, shedding light on the mechanisms of mental illness. To study the association between individual brain connectivity networks and the clinical…

Modeling the interplay between external stimuli and internal neural representations is a pivotal research area for Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCIs). A major limitation of prior work is the prevailing paradigm of specialized, single-task…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Yizhuo Lu , Changde Du , Qingyu Shi , Hang Chen , Jie Peng , Liuyun Jiang , Shuangchen Zhao , Huiguang He

The segmentation of substantial brain lesions is a significant and challenging task in the field of medical image segmentation. Substantial brain lesions in brain imaging exhibit high heterogeneity, with indistinct boundaries between lesion…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Hongming Wang , Yifeng Wu , Huimin Huang , Hongtao Wu , Jia-Xuan Jiang , Xiaodong Zhang , Hao Zheng , Xian Wu , Yefeng Zheng , Jinping Xu , Jing Cheng

The connectome, a map of the structural and/or functional connections in the brain, provides a complex representation of the neurobiological phenotypes on which it supervenes. This information-rich data modality has the potential to…

Integrating the brain structural and functional connectivity features is of great significance in both exploring brain science and analyzing cognitive impairment clinically. However, it remains a challenge to effectively fuse structural and…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2023-05-25 Qiankun Zuo , Baiying Lei , Ning Zhong , Yi Pan , Shuqiang Wang