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Deriving multimodal representations of audio and lexical inputs is a central problem in Natural Language Understanding (NLU). In this paper, we present Contrastive Aligned Audio-Language Multirate and Multimodal Representations (CALM), an…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-02-09 Vin Sachidananda , Shao-Yen Tseng , Erik Marchi , Sachin Kajarekar , Panayiotis Georgiou

We present a self-supervised learning approach to learn audio-visual representations from video and audio. Our method uses contrastive learning for cross-modal discrimination of video from audio and vice-versa. We show that optimizing for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-31 Pedro Morgado , Nuno Vasconcelos , Ishan Misra

In medical image classification, supervised learning is challenging due to the scarcity of labeled medical images. To address this, we leverage the visual-textual alignment within Vision-Language Models (VLMs) to enable unsupervised…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Umaima Rahman , Raza Imam , Mohammad Yaqub , Boulbaba Ben Amor , Dwarikanath Mahapatra

Few-shot learning (FSL) often requires effective adaptation of models using limited labeled data. However, most existing FSL methods rely on entangled representations, requiring the model to implicitly recover the unmixing process to obtain…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Tianjiao Jiang , Zhen Zhang , Yuhang Liu , Javen Qinfeng Shi

Multimodal multiview learning seeks to integrate information from diverse sources to enhance task performance. Existing approaches often struggle with flexible view configurations, including arbitrary view combinations, numbers of views,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Duc-Anh Nguyen , Nhien-An Le-Khac

Medical Large Vision-Language Models (Med-LVLMs) have shown promising results in clinical applications, but often suffer from hallucinated outputs due to misaligned visual understanding. In this work, we identify two fundamental limitations…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Aofei Chang , Ting Wang , Fenglong Ma

Pre-trained Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have been exploited in various Computer Vision tasks (e.g., few-shot recognition) via model adaptation, such as prompt tuning and adapters. However, existing adaptation methods are designed by human…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Kun Ding , Ying Wang , Shiming Xiang

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) demonstrate remarkable image-language capabilities, but their widespread use faces challenges in cost-effective training and adaptation. Existing approaches often necessitate expensive language model…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-14 Sayna Ebrahimi , Sercan O. Arik , Tejas Nama , Tomas Pfister

Video Temporal Grounding (VTG) faces a cross-modal semantic gap that often leads to background features being incorrectly aligned with the query, while directly matching the query to moments results in insufficient discriminability and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Ran Ran , Jiwei Wei , Shuchang Zhou , Yitong Qin , Shiyuan He , Zeyu Ma , Yuyang Zhou , Yang Yang

Multimodal Large Language Model (MLLM) has recently garnered attention as a prominent research focus. By harnessing powerful LLM, it facilitates a transition of conversational generative AI from unimodal text to performing multimodal tasks.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Xuechen Guo , Wenhao Chai , Shi-Yan Li , Gaoang Wang

Vision-Language Pre-training (VLP) has advanced the performance of many vision-language tasks, such as image-text retrieval, visual entailment, and visual reasoning. The pre-training mostly utilizes lexical databases and image queries in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-30 Yasmine Karoui , Rémi Lebret , Negar Foroutan , Karl Aberer

Large-scale vision and language representation learning has shown promising improvements on various vision-language tasks. Most existing methods employ a transformer-based multimodal encoder to jointly model visual tokens (region-based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-08 Junnan Li , Ramprasaath R. Selvaraju , Akhilesh Deepak Gotmare , Shafiq Joty , Caiming Xiong , Steven Hoi

While multi-modal learning has advanced significantly, current approaches often treat modalities separately, creating inconsistencies in representation and reasoning. We introduce MANTA (Multi-modal Abstraction and Normalization via Textual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Ziqi Zhong , Daniel Tang

Few-shot learning (FSL) aims to generalize to novel categories with only a few samples. Recent approaches incorporate large language models (LLMs) to enrich visual representations with semantic embeddings derived from class names. However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Wenhao Li , Xianjing Meng , Qiangchang Wang , Zhongyi Han , Zhibin Wu , Yilong Yin

Recent advances in learning aligned multimodal representations have been primarily driven by training large neural networks on massive, noisy paired-modality datasets. In this work, we ask whether it is possible to achieve similar results…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-11 Elan Rosenfeld , Preetum Nakkiran , Hadi Pouransari , Oncel Tuzel , Fartash Faghri

Medical image segmentation traditionally relies on fully supervised 3D architectures that demand a large amount of dense, voxel-level annotations from clinical experts which is a prohibitively expensive process. Vision Language Models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Pranjal Khadka

Recent progress in the few-shot adaptation of Vision-Language Models (VLMs) has further pushed their generalization capabilities, at the expense of just a few labeled samples within the target downstream task. However, this promising,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Maxime Zanella , Ismail Ben Ayed

Pre-trained vision-language models provide a robust foundation for efficient transfer learning across various downstream tasks. In the field of video action recognition, mainstream approaches often introduce additional modules to capture…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Haoxing Chen , Zizheng Huang , Yan Hong , Yanshuo Wang , Zhongcai Lyu , Zhuoer Xu , Jun Lan , Zhangxuan Gu

Cross-modal encoders for vision-language (VL) tasks are often pretrained with carefully curated vision-language datasets. While these datasets reach an order of 10 million samples, the labor cost is prohibitive to scale further. Conversely,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-29 Zhecan Wang , Noel Codella , Yen-Chun Chen , Luowei Zhou , Xiyang Dai , Bin Xiao , Jianwei Yang , Haoxuan You , Kai-Wei Chang , Shih-fu Chang , Lu Yuan

Large Vision-Language Models (VLMs) rely on effective multimodal alignment between pre-trained vision encoders and Large Language Models (LLMs) to integrate visual and textual information. This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Shweta Mahajan , Hoang Le , Hyojin Park , Farzad Farhadzadeh , Munawar Hayat , Fatih Porikli