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Unbounded 3D world generation is emerging as a foundational task for scene modeling in computer vision, graphics, and robotics. In this work, we present WorldFlow3D, a novel method capable of generating unbounded 3D worlds. Building upon a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Amogh Joshi , Julian Ost , Felix Heide

We introduce Dream-Cubed, a large-scale dataset of Minecraft worlds at voxel resolution, and a family of models using cubes as powerful compositional units for efficient generation of interactive 3D environments. Dream-Cubed comprises tens…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Tim Merino , Sam Earle , Ryunosuke Iwai , Julian Togelius , Edoardo Cetin

World generation is a fundamental capability for applications like video games, simulation, and robotics. However, existing approaches face three main obstacles: controllability, scalability, and efficiency. End-to-end scene generation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Han-Hung Lee , Cheng-Yu Yang , Yu-Lun Liu , Angel X. Chang

The Dreamer algorithm has recently obtained remarkable performance across diverse environment domains by training powerful agents with simulated trajectories. However, the compressed nature of its world model's latent space can result in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Maxime Burchi , Radu Timofte

Realistic and controllable simulation is critical for advancing end-to-end autonomous driving, yet existing approaches often struggle to support novel view synthesis under large viewpoint changes or to ensure geometric consistency. We…

The ability to simulate the effects of future actions on the world is a crucial ability of intelligent embodied agents, enabling agents to anticipate the effects of their actions and make plans accordingly. While a large body of existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-12 Siyuan Zhou , Yilun Du , Yuncong Yang , Lei Han , Peihao Chen , Dit-Yan Yeung , Chuang Gan

Traditional 3D content creation tools empower users to bring their imagination to life by giving them direct control over a scene's geometry, appearance, motion, and camera path. Creating computer-generated videos, however, is a tedious…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-05 Shengqu Cai , Duygu Ceylan , Matheus Gadelha , Chun-Hao Paul Huang , Tuanfeng Yang Wang , Gordon Wetzstein

The generation of immersive and navigable 3D environments is increasingly prevalent with the growing adoption of virtual reality and 3D content. However, recent methods face a fundamental limitation: they cannot produce 3D worlds that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Antoine Schnepf , Karim Kassab , Flavian Vasile , Andrew Comport

Recent advancements in text-to-3D generation have significantly contributed to the automation and democratization of 3D content creation. Building upon these developments, we aim to address the limitations of current methods in blending…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-26 Yeongtak Oh , Jooyoung Choi , Yongsung Kim , Minjun Park , Chaehun Shin , Sungroh Yoon

Despite recent advancements in 3D generation methods, achieving controllability still remains a challenging issue. Current approaches utilizing score-distillation sampling are hindered by laborious procedures that consume a significant…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Hongbin Xu , Weitao Chen , Zhipeng Zhou , Feng Xiao , Baigui Sun , Mike Zheng Shou , Wenxiong Kang

Extended reality (XR) demands generative models that respond to users' tracked real-world motion, yet current video world models accept only coarse control signals such as text or keyboard input, limiting their utility for embodied…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Linxi Xie , Lisong C. Sun , Ashley Neall , Tong Wu , Shengqu Cai , Gordon Wetzstein

Recent Multi-Modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated strong capabilities in learning joint representations from text and images. However, their spatial reasoning remains limited. We introduce 3DFroMLLM, a novel framework that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Noor Ahmed , Cameron Braunstein , Steffen Eger , Eddy Ilg

Recent vision-language-action (VLA) models rely on 2D inputs, lacking integration with the broader realm of the 3D physical world. Furthermore, they perform action prediction by learning a direct mapping from perception to action,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-15 Haoyu Zhen , Xiaowen Qiu , Peihao Chen , Jincheng Yang , Xin Yan , Yilun Du , Yining Hong , Chuang Gan

A World Model is a generative model used to simulate an environment. World Models have proven capable of learning spatial and temporal representations of Reinforcement Learning environments. In some cases, a World Model offers an agent the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-20 Zac Wellmer , James T. Kwok

The ability to automatically generate large-scale, interactive, and physically realistic 3D environments is crucial for advancing robotic learning and embodied intelligence. However, existing generative approaches often fail to capture the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-19 ChunTeng Chen , YiChen Hsu , YiWen Liu , WeiFang Sun , TsaiChing Ni , ChunYi Lee , Min Sun , YuanFu Yang

Recent deep generative models are able to provide photo-realistic images as well as visual or textual content embeddings useful to address various tasks of computer vision and natural language processing. Their usefulness is nevertheless…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-29 Antoine Plumerault , Hervé Le Borgne , Céline Hudelot

Recently, 3D Gaussian splatting (3D-GS) has achieved great success in reconstructing and rendering real-world scenes. To transfer the high rendering quality to generation tasks, a series of research works attempt to generate 3D-Gaussian…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-27 Taoran Yi , Jiemin Fang , Zanwei Zhou , Junjie Wang , Guanjun Wu , Lingxi Xie , Xiaopeng Zhang , Wenyu Liu , Xinggang Wang , Qi Tian

Recently, the surge of efficient and automated 3D AI-generated content (AIGC) methods has increasingly illuminated the path of transforming human imagination into complex 3D structures. However, the automated generation of 3D content is…

Graphics · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Pei Chen , Fudong Wang , Yixuan Tong , Jingdong Chen , Ming Yang , Minghui Yang

There is increased interest in using generative AI to create 3D spaces for Virtual Reality (VR) applications. However, today's models produce artificial environments, falling short of supporting collaborative tasks that benefit from…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Nels Numan , Shwetha Rajaram , Balasaravanan Thoravi Kumaravel , Nicolai Marquardt , Andrew D. Wilson

Generating realistic robotic manipulation videos is an important step toward unifying perception, planning, and action in embodied agents. While existing video diffusion models require large domain-specific datasets and struggle to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Ye Pang