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Models of blazar jets, that explain observations of their photon spectra, typically predict too few neutrinos to be possibly seen by existing telescopes. In particular, they fall short in reproducing the first neutrino ever detected from a…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-09-03 Andrea Giovanni De Marchi , Alessandro Granelli , Jacopo Nava , Filippo Sala

The excess of neutrino candidate events detected by IceCube from the direction of TXS 0506+056 has generated a great deal of interest in blazars as sources of high-energy neutrinos. In this study, we analyze the publicly available portion…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-02-20 Dan Hooper , Tim Linden , Abby Vieregg

Neutrino emission in coincidence with gamma rays has been observed from the blazar TXS 0506+056 by the IceCube telescope. Neutrinos from the blazar had to pass through a dense spike of dark matter (DM) surrounding the central black hole.…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-03-15 James M. Cline , Shan Gao , Fangyi Guo , Zhongan Lin , Shiyan Liu , Matteo Puel , Phillip Todd , Tianzhuo Xiao

IceCube discovered a flux of cosmic neutrinos originating in extragalactic sources with an energy density close to that in gamma rays and cosmic rays. A multimessenger campaign triggered by the coincident observation of a gamma-ray flare…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-09-23 Francis Halzen

Motivated by the observation of a $>290$ TeV muon neutrino by IceCube, coincident with a $\sim$6 month-long $\gamma$-ray flare of the blazar TXS 0506+056, and an archival search which revealed $13 \pm 5$ further, lower-energy neutrinos in…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-06-12 Foteini Oikonomou , Kohta Murase , Maria Petropoulou

IceCube has discovered a flux of astrophysical neutrinos and presented evidence for the first neutrino sources, a flaring blazar known as TXS 0506+056 and the active galaxy NGC 1068. However, the sources responsible for the majority of the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-07-28 Stephen Sclafani , Mirco Huennefeld

We present arguments that the neutrinos observed by IceCube from the active galactic nucleus TXS 0506+056 may originate near its core and not in the blazar jet. The origin of the neutrinos is consistent with the mechanism that produces the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-12-13 Arifa Khatee Zathul , Marjon Moulai , Ke Fang , Francis Halzen

We consider implications of high-energy neutrino emission from blazar flares, including the recent event IceCube-170922A and the 2014-2015 neutrino flare that could originate from TXS 0506+056. First, we discuss their contribution to the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-10-11 Kohta Murase , Foteini Oikonomou , Maria Petropoulou

A high-energy neutrino event detected by IceCube on 22 September 2017 was coincident in direction and time with a gamma-ray flare from the blazar TXS 0506+056. Prompted by this association, we investigated 9.5 years of IceCube neutrino…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-07-25 IceCube Collaboration

The physics responsible for the production of observed high-energy neutrinos have not been established so far, neither for the diffuse astrophysical ones nor for those detected from single blazars. We recently proposed that both could be…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-12-23 Andrea Giovanni De Marchi , Alessandro Granelli , Jacopo Nava , Filippo Sala

Following the detection of a $\sim$300 TeV neutrino potentially associated with the flaring blazar TXS 0506+056, an excess of neutrinos around its position in 2014-2015 was revealed by IceCube. However, its contemporaneous quiescence in…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-08-15 Hao-Ning He , Yoshiyuki Inoue , Susumu Inoue , Yun-Feng Liang

High-energy astrophysical neutrinos have been observed by several telescopes in the last decade, but their sources still remained unknown. We address the problem of locating astrophysical neutrinos' sources in a statistical manner. We show…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-12-17 A. V. Plavin , Y. Y. Kovalev , Y. A. Kovalev , S. V. Troitsky

Instrumenting a gigaton of ice at the geographic South Pole, the IceCube Neutrino Observatory has been at the forefront of groundbreaking scientific discoveries over the past decade. These include the observation of a flux of TeV-PeV…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-09-07 Tianlu Yuan

The IceCube neutrino observatory, a cubic-kilometer particle detector at the South Pole, first announced the discovery of an astrophysical flux of high-energy neutrinos in the TeV-PeV range in 2013, followed in 2017 by the detection of a…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-08-15 Marcos Santander

While blazars have long been one of the candidates in the search for the origin of ultra-high energy cosmic rays and astrophysical neutrinos, the BL Lac object TXS 0506+056 is the first extragalactic source that is correlated with some…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-10-23 M. Cerruti , A. Zech , C. Boisson , G. Emery , S. Inoue , J. -P. Lenain

A neutrino outburst between September 2014 and March 2015 was discovered from the blazar TXS 0506+056 by an investigation of $9.5$ years of IceCube data, while the blazar was in a quiescent state during the outburst with a gamma-ray flux…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-12-29 Kai Wang , Ruo-Yu Liu , Zhuo Li , Xiang-Yu Wang , Zi-Gao Dai

The physical nature of the mechanism responsible for the emission of neutrinos in active galactic nuclei (AGN) has been matter of debate in the literature, with relativistic jets of radio-loud AGNs as possible candidates to be the sources…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-12-17 Viktor Y. D. Sumida , André de A. Schutzer , Anderson Caproni , Zulema Abraham

The origin of the diffuse astrophysical neutrino flux observed by the IceCube experiment is still under debate. In recent years there have been associations of neutrino events with individual blazars, which are active galaxies with…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-03-05 Xavier Rodrigues , Vaidehi S. Paliya , Simone Garrappa , Anastasiia Omeliukh , Anna Franckowiak , Walter Winter

The possible association of the blazar TXS 0506+056 with a high-energy neutrino detected by IceCube holds the tantalizing potential to answer three astrophysical questions: 1. Where do high-energy neutrinos originate? 2. Where are cosmic…

Despite the uncovered association of a high-energy neutrino with the apparent flaring state of blazar TXS 0506+056 in 2017, the mechanisms leading to astrophysical particle acceleration and neutrino production are still uncertain. Recent…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-04-28 Emma Kun , Imre Bartos , Julia Becker Tjus , Peter L. Biermann , Francis Halzen , György Mező
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