English

Cosmic neutrinos from temporarily gamma-suppressed blazars

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena 2021-04-28 v2

Abstract

Despite the uncovered association of a high-energy neutrino with the apparent flaring state of blazar TXS 0506+056 in 2017, the mechanisms leading to astrophysical particle acceleration and neutrino production are still uncertain. Recent studies found that when transparent to γ\gamma-rays, γ\gamma-flaring blazars do not have the opacity for protons to produce neutrinos. Here we present observational evidence for an alternative explanation, in which γ\gamma-ray emission is suppressed during efficient neutrino production. A large proton and target photon density help produce neutrinos while temporarily suppress the observable γ\gamma-emission due to a large γγ\gamma \gamma opacity. We show that the Fermi-LAT γ\gamma-flux of blazar PKS 1502+106 was at a local minimum when IceCube recorded the coincident high-energy neutrino IC-190730A. Using data from the OVRO 40-meter Telescope, we find that radio emission from PKS 1502+106 at the time period of the coincident neutrino IC-190730A was in a high state, in contrast to earlier time periods when radio and γ\gamma fluxes are correlated for both low and high states. This points to an active outflow that is γ\gamma-suppressed at the time of neutrino production. We find similar local γ\gamma-suppression in other blazars, including in MAGIC's TeV flux of TXS\,0506+056 and Fermi-LAT's flux of blazar PKS B1424-418 at the time of coincident IceCube neutrino detections. Using temporary γ\gamma-suppression, neutrino-blazar coincidence searches could be substantially more sensitive than previously assumed, enabling the identification of the origin of IceCube's diffuse neutrino flux possibly with already existing data.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2009.09792,
  title  = {Cosmic neutrinos from temporarily gamma-suppressed blazars},
  author = {Emma Kun and Imre Bartos and Julia Becker Tjus and Peter L. Biermann and Francis Halzen and György Mező},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2009.09792},
  year   = {2021}
}

Comments

8 pages, 3 figures, accepted to ApJ Letters