Cosmic neutrinos from temporarily gamma-suppressed blazars
Abstract
Despite the uncovered association of a high-energy neutrino with the apparent flaring state of blazar TXS 0506+056 in 2017, the mechanisms leading to astrophysical particle acceleration and neutrino production are still uncertain. Recent studies found that when transparent to -rays, -flaring blazars do not have the opacity for protons to produce neutrinos. Here we present observational evidence for an alternative explanation, in which -ray emission is suppressed during efficient neutrino production. A large proton and target photon density help produce neutrinos while temporarily suppress the observable -emission due to a large opacity. We show that the Fermi-LAT -flux of blazar PKS 1502+106 was at a local minimum when IceCube recorded the coincident high-energy neutrino IC-190730A. Using data from the OVRO 40-meter Telescope, we find that radio emission from PKS 1502+106 at the time period of the coincident neutrino IC-190730A was in a high state, in contrast to earlier time periods when radio and fluxes are correlated for both low and high states. This points to an active outflow that is -suppressed at the time of neutrino production. We find similar local -suppression in other blazars, including in MAGIC's TeV flux of TXS\,0506+056 and Fermi-LAT's flux of blazar PKS B1424-418 at the time of coincident IceCube neutrino detections. Using temporary -suppression, neutrino-blazar coincidence searches could be substantially more sensitive than previously assumed, enabling the identification of the origin of IceCube's diffuse neutrino flux possibly with already existing data.
Keywords
Cite
@article{arxiv.2009.09792,
title = {Cosmic neutrinos from temporarily gamma-suppressed blazars},
author = {Emma Kun and Imre Bartos and Julia Becker Tjus and Peter L. Biermann and Francis Halzen and György Mező},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2009.09792},
year = {2021}
}
Comments
8 pages, 3 figures, accepted to ApJ Letters