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In strategic scenarios where decision-makers operate at different hierarchical levels, traditional optimization methods are often inadequate for handling uncertainties from incomplete information or unpredictable external factors. To fill…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-10 Jiachen Shen , Jian Shi , Lei Fan , Chenye Wu , Dan Wang , Choong Seon Hong , Zhu Han

Principled accountability for autonomous decision-making in uncertain environments requires distinguishing intentional outcomes from negligent designs from actual accidents. We propose analyzing the behavior of autonomous agents through a…

Understanding the behavior of road users is of vital importance for the development of trajectory prediction systems. In this context, the latest advances have focused on recurrent structures, establishing the social interaction between the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-09 A. Quintanar , D. Fernández-Llorca , I. Parra , R. Izquierdo , M. A. Sotelo

Accurate prediction of driving scene is a challenging task due to uncertainty in sensor data, the complex behaviors of agents, and the possibility of multiple feasible futures. Existing prediction methods using occupancy grid maps primarily…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Rabbia Asghar , Lukas Rummelhard , Wenqian Liu , Anne Spalanzani , Christian Laugier

Automated decision-making tools increasingly assess individuals to determine if they qualify for high-stakes opportunities. A recent line of research investigates how strategic agents may respond to such scoring tools to receive favorable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-28 Keegan Harris , Hoda Heidari , Zhiwei Steven Wu

Multi-agent systems (MAS) have emerged as a prominent paradigm for leveraging large language models (LLMs) to tackle complex tasks. However, the mechanisms governing the effectiveness of MAS built upon publicly available LLMs, specifically…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Yuxuan Zhao , Sijia Chen , Ningxin Su

State-of-the-art driver-assist systems have failed to effectively mitigate driver inattention and had minimal impacts on the ever-growing number of road mishaps (e.g. life loss, physical injuries due to accidents caused by various factors…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-07-22 Qizi Zhang , Venkata Sriram Siddhardh Nadendla , S. N. Balakrishnan , Jerome Busemeyer

A central problem in the theory of multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) is to understand what structural conditions and algorithmic principles lead to sample-efficient learning guarantees, and how these considerations change as we move…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-02 Dylan J. Foster , Dean P. Foster , Noah Golowich , Alexander Rakhlin

This paper presents an interaction-aware energy management optimization framework for Formula 1 racing. The considered scenario involves two agents and a drag reduction model. Strategic interactions between the agents are captured by a…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-21 Giona Fieni , Marc-Philippe Neumann , Alessandro Zanardi , Alberto Cerofolini , Christopher H. Onder

Autonomous systems often operate in environments where the behavior of multiple agents is coordinated by a shared global state. Reliable estimation of the global state is thus critical for successfully operating in a multi-agent setting. We…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-08-03 Shane Parr , Ishan Khatri , Justin Svegliato , Shlomo Zilberstein

Contingency planning, wherein an agent generates a set of possible plans conditioned on the outcome of an uncertain event, is an increasingly popular way for robots to act under uncertainty. In this work we take a game-theoretic perspective…

In this technical report, we introduce TrajTok, a trajectory tokenizer for discrete next-token-prediction based behavior generation models, which combines data-driven and rule-based methods with better coverage, symmetry and robustness,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-30 Zhiyuan Zhang , Xiaosong Jia , Guanyu Chen , Qifeng Li , Junchi Yan

Understanding trajectories in multi-agent scenarios requires addressing various tasks, including predicting future movements, imputing missing observations, inferring the status of unseen agents, and classifying different global states.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Guillem Capellera , Luis Ferraz , Antonio Rubio , Antonio Agudo , Francesc Moreno-Noguer

Mobility systems are complex socio-technical environments influenced by multiple stakeholders with hierarchically interdependent decisions, rendering effective control and policy design inherently challenging. We bridge hierarchical…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-09 Mingjia He , Zhiyu He , Jan Ghadamian , Florian Dörfler , Emilio Frazzoli , Gioele Zardini

We present CoverNet, a new method for multimodal, probabilistic trajectory prediction for urban driving. Previous work has employed a variety of methods, including multimodal regression, occupancy maps, and 1-step stochastic policies. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-03 Tung Phan-Minh , Elena Corina Grigore , Freddy A. Boulton , Oscar Beijbom , Eric M. Wolff

Predicting the possible future trajectories of the surrounding dynamic agents is an essential requirement in autonomous driving. These trajectories mainly depend on the surrounding static environment, as well as the past movements of those…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-02 Bimsara Pathiraja , Shehan Munasinghe , Malshan Ranawella , Maleesha De Silva , Ranga Rodrigo , Peshala Jayasekara

Efficient behavior and trajectory planning is one of the major challenges for automated driving. Especially intersection scenarios are very demanding due to their complexity arising from the variety of maneuver possibilities and other…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-07-24 Oliver Speidel , Maximilian Graf , Thanh Phan-Huu , Klaus Dietmayer

Advances in learning-based trajectory prediction are enabled by large-scale datasets. However, in-depth analysis of such datasets is limited. Moreover, the evaluation of prediction models is limited to metrics averaged over all samples in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-13 Julian Schmidt , Julian Jordan , David Raba , Tobias Welz , Klaus Dietmayer

Game-theoretic approaches are envisioned to bring human-like reasoning skills and decision-making processes for autonomous vehicles (AVs). However, challenges including game complexity and incomplete information still remain to be addressed…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-12-01 Mushuang Liu , H. Eric Tseng , Dimitar Filev , Anouck Girard , Ilya Kolmanovsky

In this paper, we consider a multi-modal mobility system of travelers each with an individual travel budget, and propose a game-theoretic framework to assign each traveler to a ``mobility service" (each one representing a different mode of…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-02-28 Ioannis Vasileios Chremos , Andreas Malikopoulos
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