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Embodied scene understanding requires not only comprehending visual-spatial information that has been observed but also determining where to explore next in the 3D physical world. Existing 3D Vision-Language (3D-VL) models primarily focus…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Ziyu Zhu , Xilin Wang , Yixuan Li , Zhuofan Zhang , Xiaojian Ma , Yixin Chen , Baoxiong Jia , Wei Liang , Qian Yu , Zhidong Deng , Siyuan Huang , Qing Li

3D layout tasks have traditionally concentrated on geometric constraints, but many practical applications demand richer contextual understanding that spans social interactions, cultural traditions, and usage conventions. Existing methods…

Graphics · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Yuto Asano , Naruya Kondo , Tatsuki Fushimi , Yoichi Ochiai

Answering questions about the spatial properties of the environment poses challenges for existing language and vision foundation models due to a lack of understanding of the 3D world notably in terms of relationships between objects. To…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Emilia Szymanska , Mihai Dusmanu , Jan-Willem Buurlage , Mahdi Rad , Marc Pollefeys

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have made impressive progress in connecting vision and language, but they still struggle with spatial understanding and viewpoint-aware reasoning. Recent efforts aim to augment the input…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Kevin Qu , Haozhe Qi , Mihai Dusmanu , Mahdi Rad , Rui Wang , Marc Pollefeys

Multi-view 3D visual grounding is critical for autonomous driving vehicles to interpret natural languages and localize target objects in complex environments. However, existing datasets and methods suffer from coarse-grained language…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Fuhao Li , Huan Jin , Bin Gao , Liaoyuan Fan , Lihui Jiang , Long Zeng

Creating machines capable of understanding the world in 3D is essential in assisting designers that build and edit 3D environments and robots navigating and interacting within a three-dimensional space. Inspired by advances in language and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Aadarsh Sahoo , Vansh Tibrewal , Georgia Gkioxari

Spatial reasoning is a fundamental capability of multimodal large language models (MLLMs), yet their performance in open aerial environments remains underexplored. In this work, we present Open3D-VQA, a novel benchmark for evaluating MLLMs'…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Weichen Zhang , Zile Zhou , Xin Zeng , Xuchen Liu , Jianjie Fang , Chen Gao , Yong Li , Jinqiang Cui , Xinlei Chen , Xiao-Ping Zhang

Visual Language Models (VLMs) have increasingly become the main paradigm for understanding indoor scenes, but they still struggle with metric and spatial reasoning. Current approaches rely on end-to-end video understanding or large-scale…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Fernando Ropero , Erkin Turkoz , Daniel Matos , Junqing Du , Antonio Ruiz , Yanfeng Zhang , Lu Liu , Mingwei Sun , Yongliang Wang

Learning generic skills for humanoid robots interacting with 3D scenes by mimicking human data is a key research challenge with significant implications for robotics and real-world applications. However, existing methodologies and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Yun Liu , Bowen Yang , Licheng Zhong , He Wang , Li Yi

Humans can intuitively compose and arrange scenes in the 3D space for photography. However, can advanced AI image generators plan scenes with similar 3D spatial awareness when creating images from text or image prompts? We present GenSpace,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Zehan Wang , Jiayang Xu , Ziang Zhang , Tianyu Pang , Chao Du , Hengshuang Zhao , Zhou Zhao

3D Visual Grounding (3DVG) is an essential capability for embodied AI, requiring agents to localize objects in 3D scenes based on natural language descriptions. Recent zero-shot methods leverage 2D vision-language models (LVLMs). However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Cuong Huynh , Maxim Popov , Denis Gridusov , Sergey Kolyubin

Though recent advances in vision-language models (VLMs) have achieved remarkable progress across a wide range of multimodal tasks, understanding 3D spatial relationships from limited views remains a significant challenge. Previous reasoning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Zhangquan Chen , Manyuan Zhang , Xinlei Yu , Xufang Luo , Mingze Sun , Zihao Pan , Xiang An , Yan Feng , Peng Pei , Xunliang Cai , Ruqi Huang

Recent advances in large vision-language models (VLMs) have shown significant promise for 3D scene understanding. Existing VLM-based approaches typically align 3D scene features with the VLM's embedding space. However, this implicit…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Chen Li , Eric Peh , Basura Fernando

Despite recent progress in using Large Language Models (LLMs) for automatically generating 3D scenes, generated scenes often lack realistic spatial layouts and object attributes found in real-world environments. As this problem stems from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Gyeom Hwangbo , Hyungjoo Chae , Minseok Kang , Hyeonjong Ju , Soohyun Oh , Jinyoung Yeo

3D visual grounding (3DVG) involves localizing entities in a 3D scene referred to by natural language text. Such models are useful for embodied AI and scene retrieval applications, which involve searching for objects or patterns using…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Austin T. Wang , ZeMing Gong , Angel X. Chang

GUI grounding is a critical component in building capable GUI agents. However, existing grounding benchmarks suffer from significant limitations: they either provide insufficient data volume and narrow domain coverage, or focus excessively…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Beitong Zhou , Zhexiao Huang , Yuan Guo , Zhangxuan Gu , Tianyu Xia , Zichen Luo , Fei Tang , Dehan Kong , Yanyi Shang , Suling Ou , Zhenlin Guo , Changhua Meng , Shuheng Shen

Vision Language Models (VLMs) perform well on standard video tasks but struggle with physics-related reasoning involving motion dynamics and spatial interactions. We present a novel approach to address this gap by translating physical-world…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Xiyang Wu , Zongxia Li , Jihui Jin , Guangyao Shi , Gouthaman KV , Vishnu Raj , Nilotpal Sinha , Jingxi Chen , Fan Du , Dinesh Manocha

Autonomous robots that interact with their environment require a detailed semantic scene model. For this, volumetric semantic maps are frequently used. The scene understanding can further be improved by including object-level information in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-22 Julian Hau , Simon Bultmann , Sven Behnke

Visual grounding refers to the ability of a model to identify a region within some visual input that matches a textual description. Consequently, a model equipped with visual grounding capabilities can target a wide range of applications in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Georgios Pantazopoulos , Eda B. Özyiğit

Recent video multimodal large language models achieve impressive results across various benchmarks. However, current evaluations suffer from two critical limitations: (1) inflated scores can mask deficiencies in fine-grained visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Jiahao Meng , Tan Yue , Qi Xu , Haochen Wang , Zhongwei Ren , Weisong Liu , Yuhao Wang , Renrui Zhang , Yunhai Tong , Haodong Duan