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Measurement error can often be harmful when estimating causal effects. Two scenarios in which this is the case are in the estimation of (a) the average treatment effect when confounders are measured with error and (b) the natural indirect…
An experimental approach based on design of experiments, process maps and the analysis of deposition first stages to improve the biocompatibility of High-Velocity Oxygen Fuel (HVOF) hydroxyapatite (HAp) coatings is here presented. A…
We will study the impact of adolescent sports participation on early-adulthood health using longitudinal data from the National Study of Youth and Religion. We focus on two primary outcomes measured at ages 23--28 -- self-rated health and…
Humans are routinely exposed to mixtures of chemical and other environmental factors, making the quantification of health effects associated with environmental mixtures a critical goal for establishing environmental policy sufficiently…
We tested the hypothesis that the fetal-placental relationship scales allometrically and identified modifying factors. Among women delivering after 34 weeks but prior to 43 weeks gestation, 24,601 participants in the Collaborative Perinatal…
Estimating causal effects from observational data is challenging due to selection bias, which leads to imbalanced covariate distributions across treatment groups. Propensity score-based weighting methods are widely used to address this…
The generalized propensity score (GPS) is an extension of the propensity score for use with quantitative or continuous exposures (e.g., dose of medication or years of education). Current GPS methods allow estimation of the dose-response…
Background Weight loss trajectories after bariatric surgery vary widely between individuals, and predicting weight loss before the operation remains challenging. We aimed to develop a model using machine learning to provide individual…
Detecting associations between microbial compositions and sample characteristics is one of the most important tasks in microbiome studies. Most of the existing methods apply univariate models to single microbial species separately, with…
The infant microbiome undergoes rapid changes in composition over time and is associated with long-term risks of conditions such as immune strength, allergy, asthma, and other health outcomes. Modeling the associations between exposures or…
Humans are exposed to complex mixtures of environmental pollutants rather than single chemicals, necessitating methods to quantify the health effects of such mixtures. Research on environmental mixtures provides insights into realistic…
Understanding the association between mixtures of environmental toxicants and time-to-pregnancy (TTP) is an important scientific question as sufficient evidence has emerged about the impact of individual toxicants on reproductive health and…
Overweight and obesity in adults are known to be associated with risks of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. Because obesity is an epidemic, increasingly affecting children, it is important to understand if this condition persists from…
Studies of the relationships between environmental exposures and adverse health outcomes often rely on a two-stage statistical modeling approach, where exposure is modeled/predicted in the first stage and used as input to a separately fit…
We present an approach to estimate distance-dependent heterogeneous associations between point-referenced exposures to built environment characteristics and health outcomes. By estimating associations that depend non-linearly on distance…
The concept of Quality of Life (QoL) refers to a holistic measurement of an individual's well-being, incorporating psychological and social aspects. Pregnant women, especially those with obesity and stress, often experience lower QoL.…
Distributed lag models are useful in environmental epidemiology as they allow the user to investigate critical windows of exposure, defined as the time period during which exposure to a pollutant adversely affects health outcomes. Recent…
Accurate fetal birth weight (FBW) estimation is essential for optimizing delivery decisions and reducing perinatal mortality. However, clinical methods for FBW estimation are inefficient, operator-dependent, and challenging to apply in…
Obesity is one of the most important public health problems that the world is facing today. A recent trend is in the development of intervention tools that predict BMI using facial images for weight monitoring and management to combat…
Psychiatric and social epidemiology often involves assessing the effects of environmental exposure on outcomes that are difficult to measure directly. To address this problem, it is common to measure outcomes using a comprehensive battery…