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Most of the functions performed by astrocytes in brain information processing are related to calcium waves. Experimental studies involving calcium waves present discrepant results, leading to gaps in the full understanding of the functions…
Neovascularisation is essential for tissue development and regeneration, in addition to playing a key role in pathological settings such as ischemia and tumour development. Experimental findings in the past two decades have led to the…
How pattern and form are generated in a reproducible manner during embryogenesis remains poorly understood. Intestinal organoid morphogenesis involves a number of mechanochemical regulators, including cell-type specific cytoskeletal forces…
Intracellular biomolecular systems exhibit intrinsic stochasticity due to low molecular copy numbers, leading to multimodal probability distributions that play a crucial role in probabilistic differentiation and cellular decision-making.…
In multicellular organisms, patterns of gene expression are established in response to gradients of signaling molecules. During fly development in early Drosophila embryos, the Bicoid (Bcd) morphogen gradient is established within the first…
The phenomenon of cell sorting/segregation, by which cells organise spatially into clusters of specific cell type or function, is essential for tissue morphogenesis. This self-organization process involves an interplay between mechanical,…
Most pregnancies and births result in a good outcome, but complications are not uncommon and when they do occur, they can be associated with serious implications for mothers and babies. Predictive modeling has the potential to improve…
The development of multicellular organisms entails a deep connection between time-dependent biochemical processes taking place at the subcellular level, and the resulting macroscopic phenotypes that arise in populations of up to trillions…
The stellar initial mass function (IMF) regulates the baryonic cycle within galaxies, and is a key ingredient to translate observations into physical quantities. Although for decades it was assumed to be universal, there is now growing…
Understanding cell fate patterning and morphogenesis in the mammalian embryo remains a formidable challenge. Recently, in vivo models based on embryonic stem cells (ESCs) have emerged as complementary methods to quantitatively dissect the…
The local geometrical randomness of metal foams brings complexities to the performance prediction of porous structures. Although the relative density is commonly deemed as the key factor, the stochasticity of internal cell sizes and shapes…
Cell proliferation and cell movement are fundamentally stochastic processes which lead to variability in the growth and spatial structure of cell populations in many biological settings, such as cell invasion, wound healing, and tumour…
Precise prognostic modeling of glioblastoma (GBM) under varying treatment interventions is essential for optimizing clinical outcomes. While generative AI has shown promise in simulating GBM evolution, existing methods typically treat…
In early development, regulation of transcription results in precisely positioned and highly reproducible expression patterns that specify cellular identities. How transcription, a fundamentally noisy molecular process, is regulated to…
Accurate fetal brain tissue segmentation and biometric analysis are essential for studying brain development in utero. The FeTA Challenge 2024 advanced automated fetal brain MRI analysis by introducing biometry prediction as a new task…
In utero diffusion MRI provides unique opportunities to non-invasively study the microstructure of tissue during fetal development. A wide range of developmental processes, such as the growth of white matter tracts in the brain, the…
Background and objective: Brain activity in premature newborns has traditionally been studied using electroencephalography (EEG), leading to substantial advances in our understanding of early neural development. However, since brain…
We examine a biomolecular machine involving a driven, observable process coupled to a hidden process in a kinetically cooperative manner. A stochastic thermodynamics framework is employed to analyze a fluctuation theorem for the…
The mitotic cell cycle governs DNA replication and cell division. The effectiveness of radiotherapy and chemotherapy depends on cell-cycle position, with increased resistance during DNA replication and mitosis. Thus, accurate mathematical…
In this article, we present a Latent Diffusion Model (LDM) for the generation of brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), conditioning its generation based on pathology (Healthy, Glioblastoma, Sclerosis, Dementia) and acquisition modality…