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Understanding how multicellular organisms reliably orchestrate cell-fate decisions is a central challenge in developmental biology. This is particularly intriguing in early mammalian development, where early cell-lineage differentiation…
Self-organization is a fundamental process of complex biological systems, particularly during the early stages of development. In the mammalian embryo, blastocyst formation exemplifies a self-organized system, involving the correct…
Accurately identifying oocytes that progress to the blastocyst stage is crucial in reproductive medicine, but the limited availability of annotated high-quality embryo images presents challenges for developing automated diagnostic tools. To…
Reliable evaluation of blastocyst quality is critical for the success of in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatments. Current embryo grading practices primarily rely on visual assessment of morphological features, which introduces subjectivity,…
The selection of the optimal embryo for transfer is a critical yet challenging step in in vitro fertilization (IVF), primarily due to its reliance on the manual inspection of extensive time-lapse imaging data. A key obstacle in this process…
Embryo quality assessment based on morphological attributes is important for achieving higher pregnancy rates from in vitro fertilization (IVF). The accurate segmentation of the embryo's inner cell mass (ICM) and trophectoderm epithelium…
We present a novel method for identification of the boundary of embryonic cells (blastomeres) in Hoffman Modulation Contrast (HMC) microscopic images that are taken between day one to day three. Identification of boundaries of blastomeres…
The question of what guides lineage segregation is central to development, where cellular differentiation leads to segregated cell populations destined for specialized functions. Here, using optical tweezers measurements of mouse embryonic…
Macroscopic, phenomenological models have proven useful as concise framings of our understandings in fields from statistical physics to economics to biology. Constructing a phenomenological model for development would provide a framework…
The timing of cell divisions in early embryos during the In-Vitro Fertilization (IVF) process is a key predictor of embryo viability. However, observing cell divisions in Time-Lapse Monitoring (TLM) is a time-consuming process and highly…
During development, cell fates are determined through a combination of intracellular transcriptional regulations and extracellular signaling. As a result, spatial patterns of different cell types arise. We investigate the decision between…
We measure different contributions to entropy production in a living functional epithelial tissue. We do this by extracting the functional dynamics of development while at the same time quantifying fluctuations. Using the translucent…
Spermatogenesis is sustained by the proliferation and differentiation of spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs). SSCs are derived from primordial germ cells (PGCs) during embryonic development. The signal from the mammalian embryonic tissue is…
An essential component of galaxy formation theory is the stellar initial mass function (IMF), that describes the parent distribution of stellar mass in star forming regions. We present observational evidence in a sample of early-type…
Identification of fine-grained embryo developmental stages during In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) is crucial for assessing embryo viability. Although recent deep learning methods have achieved promising accuracy, existing discriminative models…
Infertility has a considerable impact on individuals' quality of life, affecting them socially and psychologically, with projections indicating a rise in the upcoming years. In vitro fertilization (IVF) emerges as one of the primary…
Cellular decision making allows cells to assume functionally different phenotypes in response to microenvironmental cues, without genetic change. It is an open question, how individual cell decisions influence the dynamics at the tissue…
Morphogenesis is the process whereby the body of an organism develops its target shape. The morphogen BMP is known to play a conserved role across bilaterian organisms in determining the dorsoventral (DV) axis. Yet, how BMP governs the…
Spatial patterns in the early fruit fly embryo emerge from a network of interactions among transcription factors, the gap genes, driven by maternal inputs. Such networks can exhibit many qualitatively different behaviors, separated by…
Stem cell heterogeneity is essential for the homeostasis in tissue development. This paper established a general formulation for understanding the dynamics of stem cell regeneration with cell heterogeneity and random transitions of…