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Accurately quantifying uncertainty of individual treatment effects (ITEs) across multiple decision points is crucial for personalized decision-making in fields such as healthcare, finance, education, and online marketplaces. Previous work…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-12-10 Swaraj Bose , Walter Dempsey

The superior performance of large foundation models relies on the use of massive amounts of high-quality data, which often contain sensitive, private and copyrighted material that requires formal protection. While differential privacy (DP)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Zhiqi Bu , Xinwei Zhang , Mingyi Hong , Sheng Zha , George Karypis

The literature on differential privacy almost invariably assumes that the data to be analyzed are fully observed. In most practical applications this is an unrealistic assumption. A popular strategy to address this problem is imputation, in…

Databases · Computer Science 2022-07-15 Soumojit Das , Jorg Drechsler , Keith Merrill , Shawn Merrill

A critical concern in data-driven processes is to build models whose outcomes do not discriminate against some demographic groups, including gender, ethnicity, or age. To ensure non-discrimination in learning tasks, knowledge of the group…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-12 Cuong Tran , Keyu Zhu , Ferdinando Fioretto , Pascal Van Hentenryck

In statistical learning and analysis from shared data, which is increasingly widely adopted in platforms such as federated learning and meta-learning, there are two major concerns: privacy and robustness. Each participating individual…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-25 Xiyang Liu , Weihao Kong , Sham Kakade , Sewoong Oh

Differential privacy is a strong mathematical notion of privacy. Still, a prominent challenge when using differential privacy in real data collection is understanding and counteracting the accuracy loss that differential privacy imposes. As…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-08-24 Boel Nelson

We develop differentially private hypothesis testing methods for the small sample regime. Given a sample $\cal D$ from a categorical distribution $p$ over some domain $\Sigma$, an explicitly described distribution $q$ over $\Sigma$, some…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-06-08 Bryan Cai , Constantinos Daskalakis , Gautam Kamath

The Private Aggregation of Teacher Ensembles (PATE) is a machine learning framework that enables the creation of private models through the combination of multiple "teacher" models and a "student" model. The student model learns to predict…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-22 Cuong Tran , Ferdinando Fioretto

Instrumental variables (IVs) are widely used for estimating causal effects in the presence of unmeasured confounding. Under the standard IV model, however, the average treatment effect (ATE) is only partially identifiable. To address this,…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-01-08 Linbo Wang , Eric Tchetgen Tchetgen

We study the problem of learning conditional average treatment effects (CATE) from observational data with unobserved confounders. The CATE function maps baseline covariates to individual causal effect predictions and is key for…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-10-09 Nathan Kallus , Xiaojie Mao , Angela Zhou

Credit risk modeling has permeated our everyday life. Most banks and financial companies use this technique to model their clients' trustworthiness. While machine learning is increasingly used in this field, the resulting large-scale…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-10-07 Yuli Zheng , Zhenyu Wu , Ye Yuan , Tianlong Chen , Zhangyang Wang

We study continual mean estimation, where data vectors arrive sequentially and the goal is to maintain accurate estimates of the running mean. We address this problem under user-level differential privacy, which protects each user's entire…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Nikita P. Kalinin , Ali Najar , Valentin Roth , Christoph H. Lampert

Individual Treatment Effect (ITE) estimation is an extensively researched problem, with applications in various domains. We model the case where there exists heterogeneous non-compliance to a randomly assigned treatment, a typical situation…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-10-26 Thibaud Rahier , Amélie Héliou , Matthieu Martin , Christophe Renaudin , Eustache Diemert

In medical practice, treatments are selected based on the expected causal effects on patient outcomes. Here, the gold standard for estimating causal effects are randomized controlled trials; however, such trials are costly and sometimes…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-01-24 Dennis Frauen , Tobias Hatt , Valentyn Melnychuk , Stefan Feuerriegel

Given a dataset of individuals each described by a covariate vector, a treatment, and an observed outcome on the treatment, the goal of the individual treatment effect (ITE) estimation task is to predict outcome changes resulting from a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Lokesh Nagalapatti , Pranava Singhal , Avishek Ghosh , Sunita Sarawagi

When applying differential privacy to sensitive data, we can often improve performance using external information such as other sensitive data, public data, or human priors. We propose to use the learning-augmented algorithms (or algorithms…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Mikhail Khodak , Kareem Amin , Travis Dick , Sergei Vassilvitskii

We study private prediction where differential privacy is achieved by adding noise to the outputs of a non-private model. Existing methods rely on noise proportional to the global sensitivity of the model, often resulting in sub-optimal…

Estimation of individualized treatment effects (ITE) from observational studies is a fundamental problem in causal inference and holds significant importance across domains, including healthcare. However, limited observational datasets pose…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-14 Vinod Kumar Chauhan , Jiandong Zhou , Ghadeer Ghosheh , Soheila Molaei , David A. Clifton

Differential privacy is a mathematical concept that provides an information-theoretic security guarantee. While differential privacy has emerged as a de facto standard for guaranteeing privacy in data sharing, the known mechanisms to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-03-26 March Boedihardjo , Thomas Strohmer , Roman Vershynin

Differential privacy provides strong privacy guarantees for machine learning applications. Much recent work has been focused on developing differentially private models, however there has been a gap in other stages of the machine learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-07 Ashly Lau , Jonathan Passerat-Palmbach
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