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Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) rely on vision encoders and Large Language Models (LLMs) to exhibit remarkable capabilities on various multi-modal tasks in the joint space of vision and language. However, typographic attacks, which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-20 Hao Cheng , Erjia Xiao , Jindong Gu , Le Yang , Jinhao Duan , Jize Zhang , Jiahang Cao , Kaidi Xu , Renjing Xu

There has been an increasing interest in the alignment of large language models (LLMs) with human values. However, the safety issues of their integration with a vision module, or vision language models (VLMs), remain relatively…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Xijia Tao , Shuai Zhong , Lei Li , Qi Liu , Lingpeng Kong

Large Language Models (LLMs) have transformed artificial intelligence by advancing natural language understanding and generation, enabling applications across fields beyond healthcare, software engineering, and conversational systems.…

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) with multimodal reasoning capabilities are high-value attack targets, given their potential for handling complex multimodal harmful tasks. Mainstream black-box jailbreak attacks on VLMs work by distributing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Yu Yan , Sheng Sun , Shengjia Cheng , Teli Liu , Mingfeng Li , Min Liu

Vision-Language Models (VLMs), built on pre-trained vision encoders and large language models (LLMs), have shown exceptional multi-modal understanding and dialog capabilities, positioning them as catalysts for the next technological…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-10 Yuke Hu , Zheng Li , Zhihao Liu , Yang Zhang , Zhan Qin , Kui Ren , Chun Chen

Adversarial attacks aim to generate malicious inputs that mislead deep models, but beyond causing model failure, they cannot provide certain interpretable information such as ``\textit{What content in inputs make models more likely to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Zihao Pan , Yu Tong , Weibin Wu , Jingyi Wang , Lifeng Chen , Zhe Zhao , Jiajia Wei , Yitong Qiao , Zibin Zheng

We introduce the Adversarial Confusion Attack, a new class of threats against multimodal large language models (MLLMs). Unlike jailbreaks or targeted misclassification, the goal is to induce systematic disruption that makes the model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Jakub Hoscilowicz , Artur Janicki

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) combine visual and textual understanding, rendering them well-suited for diverse tasks like generating image captions and answering visual questions across various domains. However, these capabilities are built…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Simone Caldarella , Massimiliano Mancini , Elisa Ricci , Rahaf Aljundi

The emergence of Vision-Language Models (VLMs) represents a significant advancement in integrating computer vision with Large Language Models (LLMs) to generate detailed text descriptions from visual inputs. Despite their growing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Weimin Lyu , Jiachen Yao , Saumya Gupta , Lu Pang , Tao Sun , Lingjie Yi , Lijie Hu , Haibin Ling , Chao Chen

In typical multimodal tasks, such as Visual Question Answering (VQA), adversarial attacks targeting a specific image and question can lead large vision-language models (LVLMs) to provide incorrect answers. However, it is common for a single…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-16 Yudong Zhang , Ruobing Xie , Jiansheng Chen , Xingwu Sun , Zhanhui Kang , Yu Wang

With the advent of Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs), new attack vectors, such as cognitive bias, prompt injection, and jailbreaking, have emerged. Understanding these attacks promotes system robustness improvement and neural networks…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Chiyu Zhang , Lu Zhou , Xiaogang Xu , Jiafei Wu , Zhe Liu

Vision-language models (VLMs) may memorize undesirable information from training data, motivating growing interest in machine unlearning. In this work, we present the first systematic survey and robustness analysis of VLM unlearning. We…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Yujie Lin , Kaidi Jia , Jiayao Ma , Chengyi Yang , Jinsong Su

Recently in robotics, Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have emerged as a transformative approach, enabling robots to execute complex tasks by integrating visual and linguistic inputs within an end-to-end learning framework. Despite their…

Due to their multimodal capabilities, Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have found numerous impactful applications in real-world scenarios. However, recent studies have revealed that VLMs are vulnerable to image-based adversarial attacks.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-31 Jiaming Zhang , Junhong Ye , Xingjun Ma , Yige Li , Yunfan Yang , Yunhao Chen , Jitao Sang , Dit-Yan Yeung

Membership inference attacks (MIAs) have been extensively studied in large language models (LLMs) and vision-language models (VLMs), yet their implications for vision-language-action (VLA) models remain largely unexplored. VLA models differ…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Yuefeng Peng , Mingzhe Li , Kejing Xia , Renhao Zhang , Amir Houmansadr

Current vision large language models (VLLMs) exhibit remarkable capabilities yet are prone to generate harmful content and are vulnerable to even the simplest jailbreaking attacks. Our initial analysis finds that this is due to the presence…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Yongshuo Zong , Ondrej Bohdal , Tingyang Yu , Yongxin Yang , Timothy Hospedales

We introduce new jailbreak attacks on vision language models (VLMs), which use aligned LLMs and are resilient to text-only jailbreak attacks. Specifically, we develop cross-modality attacks on alignment where we pair adversarial images…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-12 Erfan Shayegani , Yue Dong , Nael Abu-Ghazaleh

The advent of Large Language Models (LLMs) has significantly reshaped the trajectory of the AI revolution. Nevertheless, these LLMs exhibit a notable limitation, as they are primarily adept at processing textual information. To address this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Akash Ghosh , Arkadeep Acharya , Sriparna Saha , Vinija Jain , Aman Chadha

Black-box adversarial attack on vision-language pre-trained models is a practical and challenging task, as text and image perturbations need to be considered simultaneously, and only the predicted results are accessible. Research on this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Han Liu , Jiaqi Li , Zhi Xu , Xiaotong Zhang , Xiaoming Xu , Fenglong Ma , Yuanman Li , Hong Yu

Large language and vision-language models are rapidly being deployed in practice thanks to their impressive capabilities in instruction following, in-context learning, and so on. This raises an urgent need to carefully analyse their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-05 Yongshuo Zong , Tingyang Yu , Ruchika Chavhan , Bingchen Zhao , Timothy Hospedales
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