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This paper argues that Large Language Models (LLMs) should incorporate explicit mechanisms for human empathy. As LLMs become increasingly deployed in high-stakes human-centered settings, their success depends not only on correctness or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Xiaoxing You , Qiang Huang , Jun Yu

This paper explores the integration of human-like emotions and ethical considerations into Large Language Models (LLMs). We first model eight fundamental human emotions, presented as opposing pairs, and employ collaborative LLMs to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-26 Edward Y. Chang

This paper explores the advancements in making large language models (LLMs) more human-like. We focus on techniques that enhance natural language understanding, conversational coherence, and emotional intelligence in AI systems. The study…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Ethem Yağız Çalık , Talha Rüzgar Akkuş

As LLMs become capable of complex tasks, there is growing potential for personalized interactions tailored to the subtle and idiosyncratic preferences of the user. We present a public benchmark, PersonalLLM, focusing on adapting LLMs to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Thomas P. Zollo , Andrew Wei Tung Siah , Naimeng Ye , Ang Li , Hongseok Namkoong

Large language models have become increasingly common, used by millions of people worldwide in both professional and personal contexts. As these models continue to advance, they are frequently serving as virtual assistants and companions.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Victoria Williams , Benjamin Rosman

General-purpose large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable generative and reasoning capabilities but remain limited in healthcare and caregiving applications due to two key deficiencies: factual unreliability and a lack of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Emre Umucu , Guillermina Solis , Leon Garza , Emilia Rivas , Beatrice Lee , Anantaa Kotal , Aritran Piplai

Accurately modeling user preferences is vital not only for improving recommendation performance but also for enhancing transparency in recommender systems. Conventional user profiling methods, such as averaging item embeddings, often…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-05-05 Milad Sabouri , Masoud Mansoury , Kun Lin , Bamshad Mobasher

Modern large language models (LLMs) are optimized for human-aligned responses using Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF). However, existing RLHF approaches assume a universal preference model and fail to account for individual…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Idan Shenfeld , Felix Faltings , Pulkit Agrawal , Aldo Pacchiano

The development of Large Language Models (LLMs) provides human-centered Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) with a glimmer of hope. Empathy serves as a key emotional attribute of humanity, playing an irreplaceable role in human-centered…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-26 Linzhuang Sun , Yao Dong , Nan Xu , Jingxuan Wei , Bihui Yu , Yin Luo

Empathetic response generation is a desirable aspect of conversational agents, crucial for facilitating engaging and emotionally intelligent multi-turn conversations between humans and machines. Leveraging large language models for this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-18 Ondrej Sotolar , Vojtech Formanek , Alok Debnath , Allison Lahnala , Charles Welch , Lucie FLek

Personalizing large language models (LLMs) to accommodate diverse user preferences is essential for enhancing alignment and user satisfaction. Traditional reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) approaches often rely on monolithic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Avinandan Bose , Zhihan Xiong , Yuejie Chi , Simon Shaolei Du , Lin Xiao , Maryam Fazel

With the development of speech large language models (speech LLMs), users can now interact directly with assistants via speech. However, most existing models only convert response content into speech without fully capturing the rich…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Haoyu Wang , Guangyan Zhang , Jiale Chen , Jingyu Li , Yuehai Wang , Yiwen Guo

Stakeholders often struggle to accurately express their requirements due to articulation barriers arising from limited domain knowledge or from cognitive constraints. This can cause misalignment between expressed and intended requirements,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Michael Mircea , Emre Gevrek , Elisa Schmid , Kurt Schneider

Recent advancements in generative AI have significantly increased interest in personalized agents. With increased personalization, there is also a greater need for being able to trust decision-making and action taking capabilities of these…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-10 Chirag Shah , Hideo Joho , Kirandeep Kaur , Preetam Prabhu Srikar Dammu

Emotion Recognition in Conversation (ERC) has become a fundamental capability for large language models (LLMs) in human-centric interaction. Beyond accurate recognition, coherent emotional expression is also crucial, yet both are limited by…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Shaowei Zhang , Faqiang Qian , Yan Chen , Ziliang Wang , Kang An , Yong Dai , Mengya Gao , Yichao Wu

To improve the performance of large language models (LLMs), researchers have explored providing LLMs with textual task-solving experience via prompts. However, they rely on manual efforts to acquire and apply such experience for each task,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-15 Jinglong Gao , Xiao Ding , Yiming Cui , Jianbai Zhao , Hepeng Wang , Ting Liu , Bing Qin

Large Language Models (LLMs) acquire extensive knowledge and remarkable abilities from extensive text corpora, making them powerful tools for various applications. To make LLMs more usable, aligning them with human preferences is essential.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-21 Mozhi Zhang , Pengyu Wang , Chenkun Tan , Mianqiu Huang , Dong Zhang , Yaqian Zhou , Xipeng Qiu

Large language models (LLMs) have been widely applied in various fields due to their excellent capability for memorizing knowledge and chain of thought (CoT). When these language models are applied in the field of psychological counseling,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-02 Yirong Chen , Xiaofen Xing , Jingkai Lin , Huimin Zheng , Zhenyu Wang , Qi Liu , Xiangmin Xu

Recent work in large language modeling (LLMs) has used fine-tuning to align outputs with the preferences of a prototypical user. This work assumes that human preferences are static and homogeneous across individuals, so that aligning to a a…

Large language models (LLMs) have been widely applied to emotional support conversation (ESC). However, complex multi-turn support remains challenging.This is because existing alignment schemes rely on sparse outcome-level signals, thus…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Chenghui Zou , Ning Wang , Tiesunlong Shen , Luwei Xiao , Chuan Ma , Xiangpeng Li , Rui Mao , Erik Cambria