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Related papers: Lean-auto: An Interface between Lean 4 and Automat…

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We present a formally verified framework for patent analysis as a hybrid AI + Lean 4 pipeline. The DAG-coverage core (Algorithm 1b) is fully machine-verified once bounded match scores are fixed. Freedom-to-operate, claim-construction…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-22 George Koomullil

Applying Gr\"obner basis theory to concrete problems in Lean 4 remains difficult since the current formalization of multivariate polynomials is based on a non-computable representation and is therefore not suitable for efficient symbolic…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Hao Shen , Junyu Guo , Junqi Liu , Lihong Zhi

Interactive theorem provers, like Isabelle/HOL, Coq and Lean, have expressive languages that allow the formalization of general mathematical objects and proofs. In this context, an important goal is to reduce the time and effort needed to…

Symbolic Computation · Computer Science 2024-05-17 Marcus Rossel , Andrés Goens

New proof assistant developments often involve concepts similar to already formalized ones. When proving their properties, a human can often take inspiration from the existing formalized proofs available in other provers or libraries. In…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2015-09-14 Thibault Gauthier , Cezary Kaliszyk

The most promising recent methods for AI reasoning require applying variants of reinforcement learning (RL) either on rolled out trajectories from the LLMs, even for the step-wise rewards, or large quantities of human-annotated trajectory…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Sara Rajaee , Kumar Pratik , Gabriele Cesa , Arash Behboodi

General-purpose Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success in intelligence, performing comparably to human experts on complex reasoning tasks such as coding and mathematical reasoning. However, generating formal proofs in…

Proof engineering is notoriously labor-intensive: proofs that are straightforward on paper often require lengthy scripts in theorem provers. Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) create new opportunities for proof automation:…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Yichen Xu , Martin Odersky

We describe a "top down" approach for automated theorem proving (ATP). Researchers might usefully investigate the forms of the theorems mathematicians use in practice, carefully examine how they differ and are proved in practice, and code…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-08-09 C. E. Larson , N. Van Cleemput

Automated Theorem Proving (ATP) is an established branch of Artificial Intelligence. The purpose of ATP is to design a system which can automatically figure out an algorithm either to prove or disprove a mathematical claim, on the basis of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2014-12-19 Mohammad Murtaza Mahmud , Swakkhar Shatabda , Mohammad Nurul Huda

Neural methods are transforming automated reasoning for proof assistants, yet integrating these advances into practical verification workflows remains challenging. A hammer is a tool that integrates premise selection, translation to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Thomas Zhu , Joshua Clune , Jeremy Avigad , Albert Qiaochu Jiang , Sean Welleck

Formal reasoning and automated theorem proving constitute a challenging subfield of machine learning, in which machines are tasked with proving mathematical theorems using formal languages like Lean. A formal verification system can check…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Azim Ospanov , Farzan Farnia , Roozbeh Yousefzadeh

Proof assistants like Lean have revolutionized mathematical proof verification, ensuring high accuracy and reliability. Although large language models (LLMs) show promise in mathematical reasoning, their advancement in formal theorem…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Huajian Xin , Daya Guo , Zhihong Shao , Zhizhou Ren , Qihao Zhu , Bo Liu , Chong Ruan , Wenda Li , Xiaodan Liang

We explore the application of transformer-based language models to automated theorem proving. This work is motivated by the possibility that a major limitation of automated theorem provers compared to humans -- the generation of original…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-09 Stanislas Polu , Ilya Sutskever

Interactive Theorem Provers (ITPs) are an indispensable tool in the arsenal of formal method experts as a platform for construction and (formal) verification of proofs. The complexity of the proofs in conjunction with the level of expertise…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-04-21 Eric Yeh , Briland Hitaj , Sam Owre , Maena Quemener , Natarajan Shankar

Recent advances in automated theorem proving (ATP) through LLMs have highlighted the potential of formal reasoning with Lean 4 codes. However, ATP has not yet be revolutionized by the recent posttraining scaling as demonstrated by Open AI…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Jingyuan Zhang , Qi Wang , Xingguang Ji , Yahui Liu , Yang Yue , Fuzheng Zhang , Di Zhang , Guorui Zhou , Kun Gai

Theorem proving is a fundamental task in mathematics. With the advent of large language models (LLMs) and interactive theorem provers (ITPs) like Lean, there has been growing interest in integrating LLMs and ITPs to automate theorem…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-02-16 Rahul Vishwakarma , Subhankar Mishra

Most ATP benchmarks embed the final answer within the formal statement -- a convention we call "Easy Mode" -- a design that simplifies the task relative to what human competitors face and may lead to optimistic estimates of model…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Chengwu Liu , Yichun Yin , Ye Yuan , Jiaxuan Xie , Botao Li , Siqi Li , Jianhao Shen , Yan Xu , Lifeng Shang , Ming Zhang

Automated theorem proving (ATP) has become an appealing domain for exploring the reasoning ability of the recent successful generative language models. However, current ATP benchmarks mainly focus on symbolic inference, but rarely involve…

In this paper we demonstrate how logic programming systems and Automated first-order logic Theorem Provers (ATPs) can improve the accuracy of Large Language Models (LLMs) for logical reasoning tasks where the baseline performance is given…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-08 Lachlan McGinness , Peter Baumgartner

The application of automatic theorem provers to discharge proof obligations is necessary to apply formal methods in an efficient manner. Tools supporting formal methods, such as Atelier~B, generate proof obligations fully automatically.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2017-01-31 Lilian Burdy , David Déharbe , Étienne Prun